tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-42458489935164347512024-03-04T20:22:18.971+00:00Grand LogisticsUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger365125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-51607767922842783462023-07-26T09:22:00.001+01:002023-07-26T10:16:54.286+01:00The Cold War<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh36QGyQGt-RzmUO3Wqi8_oJfY42UqsmZaDBGPmfncDD4z_p0oAQdVwn9p75TbsWdP6E2cAzKuN9XnWqwBynL06sg2ZXu2Obzn9wZua0fHxVLybhNzBKR2bowHE8hLGfM7Fo9Dikw6oVljNNlWVUEmjagrG02r6dPh7tRKIE_1DwEo_OXgO5FK3eszZf_c/s800/HMS%20Mounts%20Bay%20pushes%20through%20pack%20ice%20towards%20the%20cruiser%20HMS%20Ceylon%20who%20is%20waiting%20to%20transfer%20ammunition%20and%20provisions%20off%20the%20west%20coast%20of%20Korea%20in%201952.205162992.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="HMS Mounts Bay pushes through pack ice towards the cruiser HMS Ceylon who is waiting to transfer ammunition and provisions off the west coast of Korea in 1952" border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="800" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh36QGyQGt-RzmUO3Wqi8_oJfY42UqsmZaDBGPmfncDD4z_p0oAQdVwn9p75TbsWdP6E2cAzKuN9XnWqwBynL06sg2ZXu2Obzn9wZua0fHxVLybhNzBKR2bowHE8hLGfM7Fo9Dikw6oVljNNlWVUEmjagrG02r6dPh7tRKIE_1DwEo_OXgO5FK3eszZf_c/w400-h299/HMS%20Mounts%20Bay%20pushes%20through%20pack%20ice%20towards%20the%20cruiser%20HMS%20Ceylon%20who%20is%20waiting%20to%20transfer%20ammunition%20and%20provisions%20off%20the%20west%20coast%20of%20Korea%20in%201952.205162992.jpg" title="HMS Mounts Bay pushes through pack ice towards the cruiser HMS Ceylon who is waiting to transfer ammunition and provisions off the west coast of Korea in 1952" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205162992">Picture: Unknown photographer,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 32072</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy">Royal Navy</a> has been <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Russia_intervention">operating</a> in <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2023/07/ice-ice-baby.html">cold climates</a> for hundreds of years and most vessels in <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> shall operate throughout the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>,the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories">British Overseas Territories</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crown_Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> (except the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a>) and shall be built to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%27s_Register">Lloyds Register</a> notation <a href="https://www.imorules.com/LRWS-_-_1.html">Winterisation</a> H,M,C to withstand extremes of temperature which they are likely to encounter in areas ranging from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shetland">Shetland Islands</a> down to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Georgia">South Georgia</a>,vessels expected to operate in the low <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic">Arctic</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenland_Sea">seas</a> from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canada">Canada</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finland">Finland</a> shall be built to Lloyds Register notation Winterisation H,M,B and the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/12/the-iceman-cometh.html">Assistance class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icebreaker">icebreaking</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugboat">tugs</a> which shall operate in the high <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_ice_pack">Arctic ice pack</a> and around <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antarctica">Antarctica</a> shall be built to Lloyds Register notation Winterisation H,M,A.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-87547645766687971652023-07-24T01:38:00.006+01:002023-07-24T02:55:17.155+01:00Ice Ice Baby<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj266G-48E8GoRfnwlDIv9gfyQc_CSuxkvbYa6xK3fYe1Da4BJ0pa2snFOPQIAa_lDLFPj4UZk7ReTCqH14yAyElftujZRSQ6o_Oi6fAtBZ8peyOL3U6zBhAfXMVMy-bgO4A5w2PorgvwgZ_STOeXQwVlCtz2eo8EK8UGOYhAPbV63guiQ5uFDN7Skx610/s800/HMS%20Mounts%20Bay%20forced%20a%20passage%20through%20ice%20off%20the%20west%20coast%20of%20Korea%20to%20bombard%20enemy%20gun%20batteries%20with%20HMS%20Cossack%20in%20the%20background%20and%20HMS%20Belfast%20in%20March%201952.205162991.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="HMS Mounts Bay forced a passage through ice off the west coast of Korea to bombard enemy gun batteries with HMS Cossack in the background and HMS Belfast in March 1952" border="0" data-original-height="636" data-original-width="800" height="318" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj266G-48E8GoRfnwlDIv9gfyQc_CSuxkvbYa6xK3fYe1Da4BJ0pa2snFOPQIAa_lDLFPj4UZk7ReTCqH14yAyElftujZRSQ6o_Oi6fAtBZ8peyOL3U6zBhAfXMVMy-bgO4A5w2PorgvwgZ_STOeXQwVlCtz2eo8EK8UGOYhAPbV63guiQ5uFDN7Skx610/w400-h318/HMS%20Mounts%20Bay%20forced%20a%20passage%20through%20ice%20off%20the%20west%20coast%20of%20Korea%20to%20bombard%20enemy%20gun%20batteries%20with%20HMS%20Cossack%20in%20the%20background%20and%20HMS%20Belfast%20in%20March%201952.205162991.jpg" title="HMS Mounts Bay forced a passage through ice off the west coast of Korea to bombard enemy gun batteries with HMS Cossack in the background and HMS Belfast in March 1952" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205162991">Picture: Unknown photographer,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 32071</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">There are <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/12/the-iceman-cometh.html">reasons</a> why every major warship in <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> shall be built to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%27s_Register">Lloyds Register</a> <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.spanglefish.com/s/22631/documents/safety-specifications/lr-rules-and-regs-class-of-naval-ships-jan18.pdf">Ice Class 1C</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-66619067953706831452023-07-11T00:40:00.017+01:002023-07-23T22:32:51.801+01:00Going Ballistic<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh41Onu53q5pa2xrmw-5QAXaJ26_tzs7bRWupsQ7QqmeVNT2eBLjDAdcQHsNzOU9N1emr4q1dsiDzQg152STN-OOJNdf3WB-3mJHyR9lUcPXTFvKD7QJSQx1BHqY-s4XC5izwoIY9bi6CKR1kWjSh-3GEVKloqSntW4KQx4xZr-RxQAqwqh5_uFbE4gAkk/s1988/HMS%20Vanguard%20firing%20her%20eight%2015%20inch%20guns%20off%20Malta%20photographed%20by%20a%20Supermarine%20Sea%20Otter%20from%20HMS%20Falcon%20on%20the%2016th%20of%20May%201949.205016263.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="HMS Vanguard firing her eight 15 inch guns off Malta photographed by a Supermarine Sea Otter from HMS Falcon on the 16th of May 1949" border="0" data-original-height="1434" data-original-width="1988" height="289" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh41Onu53q5pa2xrmw-5QAXaJ26_tzs7bRWupsQ7QqmeVNT2eBLjDAdcQHsNzOU9N1emr4q1dsiDzQg152STN-OOJNdf3WB-3mJHyR9lUcPXTFvKD7QJSQx1BHqY-s4XC5izwoIY9bi6CKR1kWjSh-3GEVKloqSntW4KQx4xZr-RxQAqwqh5_uFbE4gAkk/w400-h289/HMS%20Vanguard%20firing%20her%20eight%2015%20inch%20guns%20off%20Malta%20photographed%20by%20a%20Supermarine%20Sea%20Otter%20from%20HMS%20Falcon%20on%20the%2016th%20of%20May%201949.205016263.jpg" title="HMS Vanguard firing her eight 15 inch guns off Malta photographed by a Supermarine Sea Otter from HMS Falcon on the 16th of May 1949" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205016263">Picture: Unknown photographer,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 31505</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">There are two kinds of people in this world,those who think small <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caliber">calibre</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autocannon">rapid firing</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun">guns</a> are more <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_5_15_cm_AA_gun">effective</a> than <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-field-gun.html">large calibre guns</a> and those who have studied <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistics">ballistics</a>; u</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">ntil the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century">twentieth century</a> guns were the dominant <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy">naval</a> weapon but since the ascendance of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_mine">mines</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torpedo">torpedoes</a>,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">aircraft</a> and <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-division-medium.html">missiles</a> interest in naval gunnery has declined,leading to a lack of knowledge of ballistics in naval circles and herein we shall look at two examples of this.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmqBgN1MmVNrjusRMuTesGYl0iDsVZSFlPH_SU0_jSlfmMsL4f27Ri1-MC0Ej8DzbjUUVWlztSey3kl6-kDglZJeOrTIdmwc0W-bPWv9bvk_DgWfd-DsDlReOQU-BXPw9WpprRnTZuEjse-TxRbrsjTJH_b3DLCmkzuMGrmT5P6auxGtfwaCFxUkihGgw/s3600/One%20of%20the%20Fleet%20Flagship%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Albions%20Heavy%20Machine%20Guns%20being%20used%20against%20a%20static%20target%20on%20the%2027th%20of%20March%202019.MM19000320.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="One of the Fleet Flagship Her Majestys Ship Albions Heavy Machine Guns being used against a static target on the 27th of March 2019" border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="3600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmqBgN1MmVNrjusRMuTesGYl0iDsVZSFlPH_SU0_jSlfmMsL4f27Ri1-MC0Ej8DzbjUUVWlztSey3kl6-kDglZJeOrTIdmwc0W-bPWv9bvk_DgWfd-DsDlReOQU-BXPw9WpprRnTZuEjse-TxRbrsjTJH_b3DLCmkzuMGrmT5P6auxGtfwaCFxUkihGgw/w400-h266/One%20of%20the%20Fleet%20Flagship%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Albions%20Heavy%20Machine%20Guns%20being%20used%20against%20a%20static%20target%20on%20the%2027th%20of%20March%202019.MM19000320.jpg" title="One of the Fleet Flagship Her Majestys Ship Albions Heavy Machine Guns being used against a static target on the 27th of March 2019" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2019/April/05/MM19000320.jpg">Picture: P.O. (Phot.) Dave Jenkins,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">A recent <a href="https://www.navylookout.com/in-focus-the-50-cal-heavy-machine-gun-in-royal-navy-service/">article</a> by <a href="https://www.navylookout.com/">NAVYLOOKOUT</a> claimed that the elderly <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.50_BMG">.50 Browning Machine Gun</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)">cartridge</a> "is one of the few <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rifle">rifle</a> cartridges that can boast a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient">ballistic coefficient</a> of 1.0" (the </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">undefined </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">coefficient is </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballistic_coefficient#Differing_mathematical_models_and_bullet_ballistic_coefficients" style="font-family: arial;">G1</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">),which is technically true as there are </span><a href="https://www.hornady.com/bullets/rifle/50-cal-510-750-gr-a-max#!/" style="font-family: arial;">high ballistic coefficient</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bullet" style="font-family: arial;">bullets</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> available for that cartridge but their increased length and weight reduces </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzle_velocity" style="font-family: arial;">muzzle velocity</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> resulting in inferior performance at typical combat ranges but superior performance in the extreme long range target shooting competitions for which they are designed,which is why most military projectiles have a far lower ballistic coefficient but higher muzzle velocity resulting in external ballistics inferior to those of the Three Eights Inch Machine Gun proposed herein,which shall also be lighter and faster firing than the Browning Machine Gun.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXG3iYUJMJCvHZHVru8HutohkWibzrOMN62Nxt27A4xrz6px5NfCrS-JCv23FoMWWnZamQ0bEMIZFuJXNqEsurRl13fVH7vODHFykJGZboUzlL2HPtJvX7bNlOAnQGfOiRkuIBLQJH07cbzWSjbogeAzoGcjMDePr-AWs_BTWf5f7sZS88x55vWVefmE/s800/HMS%20Plymouth%20and%20HMS%20Yarmouth%20bombarding%20Argentine%20positions%20on%20Brown%20Mountain%20during%20the%20assault%20on%20South%20Georgia%20on%20the%2025th%20of%20April%201982.205190406.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="HMS Plymouth and HMS Yarmouth bombarding Argentine positions on Brown Mountain during the assault on South Georgia on the 25th of April 1982" border="0" data-original-height="631" data-original-width="800" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJXG3iYUJMJCvHZHVru8HutohkWibzrOMN62Nxt27A4xrz6px5NfCrS-JCv23FoMWWnZamQ0bEMIZFuJXNqEsurRl13fVH7vODHFykJGZboUzlL2HPtJvX7bNlOAnQGfOiRkuIBLQJH07cbzWSjbogeAzoGcjMDePr-AWs_BTWf5f7sZS88x55vWVefmE/w400-h315/HMS%20Plymouth%20and%20HMS%20Yarmouth%20bombarding%20Argentine%20positions%20on%20Brown%20Mountain%20during%20the%20assault%20on%20South%20Georgia%20on%20the%2025th%20of%20April%201982.205190406.jpg" title="HMS Plymouth and HMS Yarmouth bombarding Argentine positions on Brown Mountain during the assault on South Georgia on the 25th of April 1982" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205190406">Picture: Unknown,Royal Navy official photographer,© IWM FKD 54</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The <a href="https://navy-matters.blogspot.com">Navy Matters</a> blog recently published an article titled <a href="https://navy-matters.blogspot.com/2023/07/naval-gun-accuracy.html">"Naval Gun Accuracy"</a> which appears to be about <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision">precision rather than accuracy</a> and which states "We have to be down around 0.1 deg or less deviation to hit our predicted intercept point close enough to be effective" but then goes on to say "my estimate is that deviations of 0.5-5 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Degree_(angle)">degrees</a> are normal",an overestimate of between one and two <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_magnitude">orders of magnitude</a> (the precision of modern <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-general.html">small arms</a> is well documented thanks to hundreds of millions of target shooters and the precision of modern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery">artillery</a> is being demonstrated every day in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">Ukraine</a>),one <a href="https://www.nammo.com/product/our-products/ammunition/large-caliber-ammunition/155-mm-series/155-mm-im-high-explosive-extended-range/">manufacturer</a> claims a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probable_error">probable error</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_laying">azimuth</a> of plus or minus ten metres at a range of twenty thousand <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metre">metres</a> and given that a modern <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/155_mm_caliber">155mm</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(projectile)">shell</a> generates a <a href="https://www.edrmagazine.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/RDM-Arty_05.jpg">lethal area</a> approaching the size of a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Football_pitch">football pitch</a> that implies a high probability of a one shot kill against static <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infantry">infantry</a> in the open and is consistent with the performance of naval gunfire in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falklands_War">Falklands War</a> where "<a href="https://pure.port.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/6920517/Under_Fire_Post_Print.pdf">Such was the accuracy of NGS that specific targets could be accurately engaged</a>, including a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar">radar</a> aerial that was ‘toppled from it's plinth’ by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Glasgow_(D88)">HMS Glasgow</a>.....</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">It was quite accurate. In some cases, it was too accurate.</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> They had to employ a spreading fire to make it less accurate because it was all coming down in the same place.....it was gauged that during </span><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Corporate" style="font-family: arial;">Operation Corporate</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">, a barrage of twenty-five rounds of </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4.5-inch_Mark_8_naval_gun" style="font-family: arial;">4.5”</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_gunfire_support" style="font-family: arial;">NGS</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> would be dispersed within an area that was smaller than a </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennis_court" style="font-family: arial;">tennis court</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">"</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjioIqYEAI3Tzb1y8bqtXowzUc1m6r0vVpHk8Q_xdsBwhjuyPZ9-kJ0CZxU8_-sl59ui8jDQCS5nQwzALXVtWbLdG9qrm66IMnZ4HYnrKYYMPdocM_-NDnnkxGJ1ZRNyS2GPIymBfy33MN1su2swksibW_2aVBPyNg8AXAvOmWZV61pqpI_E58kzhZb-HQ/s2616/The%20Babcock%20Arrowhead%20140%20on%20which%20the%20Type%2031%20frigate%20is%20based.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Babcock Arrowhead 140 on which the Type 31 frigate is based" border="0" data-original-height="1744" data-original-width="2616" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjioIqYEAI3Tzb1y8bqtXowzUc1m6r0vVpHk8Q_xdsBwhjuyPZ9-kJ0CZxU8_-sl59ui8jDQCS5nQwzALXVtWbLdG9qrm66IMnZ4HYnrKYYMPdocM_-NDnnkxGJ1ZRNyS2GPIymBfy33MN1su2swksibW_2aVBPyNg8AXAvOmWZV61pqpI_E58kzhZb-HQ/w400-h266/The%20Babcock%20Arrowhead%20140%20on%20which%20the%20Type%2031%20frigate%20is%20based.jpg" title="The Babcock Arrowhead 140 on which the Type 31 frigate is based" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.arrowhead140.com">Picture: Unknown artist,Babcock image</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">The article also claims that "if we fire enough shells toward the predicted intercept point, one or some of them will, statistically, wind up being close enough to be effective. This argues for smaller caliber projectiles that can be fired quickly and in large numbers." but a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missile">missile</a> flying at twice the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mach_number">speed of sound</a> moves over two hundred <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yard">yards</a> in the time it takes a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bofors_57_mm_Naval_Automatic_Gun_L/70">57mm Bofors Mark 3</a> gun to fire a single shot and thus the firing of each round is a discrete event and since a smaller calibre projectile has a lower <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sectional_density">sectional density</a> for any given <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very-low-drag_bullet">form factor</a> it decelerates more quickly,takes longer to cover any distance and consequently suffers more drop due to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity">gravity</a> requiring a higher <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trajectory">trajectory</a> with a longer flight path and longer time of flight,allowing the target more time to manoeuvre away from the point of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detonation">detonation</a>,a problem exacerbated by the smaller <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blast_radius">effective radius</a> of the </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">smaller shell,resulting in</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> a lower </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Probability_of_kill" style="font-family: arial;">kill probability</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,thus the conclusion that "if we’re trying to shoot down an </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-ship_missile" style="font-family: arial;">anti-ship missile</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">, we need small, light, very rapid fire guns" is the very opposite of the truth.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-39378012424713234912023-07-05T11:17:00.005+01:002023-07-05T11:28:35.919+01:00The Good That Men Do Is Oft Interred With Their Bones<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06lV-TiCpLdSqE1BSYWUkr8BCzfxnp-r5UfCUqXhnNK0nf2SLo9iP5-STFjUTE6S6uwtugn_OSwGLXkbnDp0402IYYt_BRWfIiZnKk0CQ-GwQk4-r0WUwwm-XzPTf4OO8NLBtehfd4fKIma1m7MXZuS6G-DObyO-fuV_K5V2BfQlSPdXCfEDv6M3_TZs/s3600/General%20Sir%20Patrick%20Nicholas%20Yardley%20Monrad%20Sanders%20the%20Chief%20of%20the%20General%20Staff%20at%20Army%20Foundation%20College%20Harrogate%20on%20the%2011th%20of%20August%202022.20220811050029.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="General Sir Patrick Nicholas Yardley Monrad Sanders the Chief of the General Staff at Army Foundation College Harrogate on the 11th of August 2022" border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="3600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj06lV-TiCpLdSqE1BSYWUkr8BCzfxnp-r5UfCUqXhnNK0nf2SLo9iP5-STFjUTE6S6uwtugn_OSwGLXkbnDp0402IYYt_BRWfIiZnKk0CQ-GwQk4-r0WUwwm-XzPTf4OO8NLBtehfd4fKIma1m7MXZuS6G-DObyO-fuV_K5V2BfQlSPdXCfEDv6M3_TZs/w400-h266/General%20Sir%20Patrick%20Nicholas%20Yardley%20Monrad%20Sanders%20the%20Chief%20of%20the%20General%20Staff%20at%20Army%20Foundation%20College%20Harrogate%20on%20the%2011th%20of%20August%202022.20220811050029.jpg" title="General Sir Patrick Nicholas Yardley Monrad Sanders the Chief of the General Staff at Army Foundation College Harrogate on the 11th of August 2022" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Patrick_Sanders_salute.jpg">Picture: Corporal Rebecca Brown,Royal Logistics Corps,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">In stark contrast to his <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/08/a-question-for-nicholas-carter.html">predecessors</a>,</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_(United_Kingdom)">General</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Sanders_(British_Army_officer)">Sir Patrick Nicholas Yardley Monrad Sanders'</a> time as </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chief_of_the_General_Staff_(United_Kingdom)">Chief of the General Staff</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Army">British Army</a> has</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> been a litany failure: failure to radically <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/04/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general.html">disorganise</a> the army; failure to make it smaller but leaner and <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general_8.html">more agile</a>; failure to <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-transformational-boxer-vehicle.html">waste</a> thousands of millions of pounds on <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general_18.html">ill conceived</a> and poorly executed <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">procurement</a> projects; failure to achieve a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Pitting">humiliating defeat</a> at the hands of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third_World">Third World</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taliban">peasants</a>; and failure to speak using only <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/10/save-british-army.html">buzzwords and acronyms</a> (although he did once use the word "gift" as a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verb">verb</a>,which is unforgiveable),all of which might explain <a href="https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/jun/29/head-of-british-army-could-quit-in-row-over-further-cuts">rumours</a> that he is to be replaced by someone more "suitable".</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-69877275800886896702023-06-24T00:05:00.005+01:002023-07-24T02:36:52.020+01:00An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation: Remember The Titan<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidD3ORhR98snf5j_ndynxvHZhl1Bmjzdonl1X1rlWPs8OIc4ogiNn4-aNtBwkB0gu_5AoOTaGiRbRPIGvTmrmNwc9kQeH9OUPYoefViHTjcvw2KQ-mFIpSSRoC59Wj4qvXPWFdRSUXKFCTYPLuRh3tYClP9kNy-mva6FwsPjndM2E88Z2Ytk_xbl1mU7Y/s1920/The%20OceanGate%20Titan%20submersible.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The OceanGate Titan submersible" border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEidD3ORhR98snf5j_ndynxvHZhl1Bmjzdonl1X1rlWPs8OIc4ogiNn4-aNtBwkB0gu_5AoOTaGiRbRPIGvTmrmNwc9kQeH9OUPYoefViHTjcvw2KQ-mFIpSSRoC59Wj4qvXPWFdRSUXKFCTYPLuRh3tYClP9kNy-mva6FwsPjndM2E88Z2Ytk_xbl1mU7Y/w400-h225/The%20OceanGate%20Titan%20submersible.jpg" title="The OceanGate Titan submersible" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://oceangate.com/our-subs/titan-submersible.html">Picture: Unknown photographer,OceanGate photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Following the recent <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Titan_submersible_incident">search</a> for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible">submersible</a> <a href="https://oceangate.com/our-subs/titan-submersible.html">Titan</a> which went missing whilst on a dive to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipwreck">wreck</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanic">Titanic</a>,herein we shall discuss how <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> could contribute to such an operation.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipUvcPsCP5nRYRil34l18qyp2W-mkOCFPJnUT_fs3FjVDy_Oud2mcBJINhZwvKOU-psJ0GbvjJ9ruUZLXb9vkyC1Ygb3x9CUGhDST9sahcafXYZ80QVnvIvEJSqBP-UraV_pPZRsyzJxSrYaVxqLGNNSKQeageK7Y8GAdHMG4Nw9mg364n6Sf8VqSyNkI/s2000/A%20Republic%20of%20Singapore%20Air%20Force%20G550CAEW%20takes%20off%20in%20Darwin%20in%20Australia%20during%20Exercise%20Pitch%20Black%20in%202014.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="A Republic of Singapore Air Force G550CAEW takes off in Darwin in Australia during Exercise Pitch Black in 2014" border="0" data-original-height="1333" data-original-width="2000" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipUvcPsCP5nRYRil34l18qyp2W-mkOCFPJnUT_fs3FjVDy_Oud2mcBJINhZwvKOU-psJ0GbvjJ9ruUZLXb9vkyC1Ygb3x9CUGhDST9sahcafXYZ80QVnvIvEJSqBP-UraV_pPZRsyzJxSrYaVxqLGNNSKQeageK7Y8GAdHMG4Nw9mg364n6Sf8VqSyNkI/w400-h266/A%20Republic%20of%20Singapore%20Air%20Force%20G550CAEW%20takes%20off%20in%20Darwin%20in%20Australia%20during%20Exercise%20Pitch%20Black%20in%202014.jpg" title="A Republic of Singapore Air Force G550CAEW takes off in Darwin in Australia during Exercise Pitch Black in 2014" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:RSAF_G550-AEW.jpg">Picture: Alert5</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Whether launched from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom">United Kingdom</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda">Bermuda</a> or an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Africa_(1905)">Africa</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrier">flying ship</a>,with an endurance of twelve hours at five hundred <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_(unit)">knots</a> a <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">Perseus aircraft</a> (at least forty of which could have been paid for with the thousands of millions of pounds spent on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems_Nimrod_MRA4">Nimrod</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raytheon_Sentinel">Sentinel</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper">Reaper</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_RC-135">Airseeker</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth-class_aircraft_carrier#Airborne_early_warning_and_control">Crowsnest</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_P-8_Poseidon">Poseidon</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_AEW%26C">Wedgetail</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper#Protector">Protector</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dassault_Falcon_900">Envoy</a>) could quickly reach the search area and conduct a surface search with it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar">active</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_warfare_support_measures">passive</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multispectral_imaging">multispectral</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-medium_15.html">sensors</a> and deploy a pattern of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonobuoy">sonobuoys</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonar">detect noises</a> from the submersible.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCJ-9_JC-SBZctBKJbZYIYBhre3a4qQahwXwoo0Yekjd6oo1y9hZQQvEXY55Y6UzOYYkXcF2pUxi8b6BLFKj3EH2TY2e73_gRtHc-ih-DusT2DpPZeU9akqATqZJPMa4wbBtLlUoqkz4MeP46s771qQg9qB-wP2IWS8BOYfVfDsnDb0jD1K4Qi0sOioLM/s3000/The%20Astute%20class%20submarine%20Ambush%20retuning%20to%20Faslane%20on%20the%2015th%20of%20July%202013.NE130087051.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Astute class submarine Ambush retuning to Faslane on the 15th of July 2013" border="0" data-original-height="2250" data-original-width="3000" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCJ-9_JC-SBZctBKJbZYIYBhre3a4qQahwXwoo0Yekjd6oo1y9hZQQvEXY55Y6UzOYYkXcF2pUxi8b6BLFKj3EH2TY2e73_gRtHc-ih-DusT2DpPZeU9akqATqZJPMa4wbBtLlUoqkz4MeP46s771qQg9qB-wP2IWS8BOYfVfDsnDb0jD1K4Qi0sOioLM/w400-h300/The%20Astute%20class%20submarine%20Ambush%20retuning%20to%20Faslane%20on%20the%2015th%20of%20July%202013.NE130087051.jpg" title="The Astute class submarine Ambush retuning to Faslane on the 15th of July 2013" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2018/October/19/NE130087051.jpg">Picture: C.P.O.A. (Phot.) Thomas McDonald,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Beneath the waves at least one of the six <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Cachalot">Cachalot</a> class and two <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Defence">Defence</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine">submarines</a> (which could have been built with the money spent on seven <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astute-class_submarine">Astutes</a>) could be in the search area within days,both having the ability to listen for sounds from the submersible and the latter also having the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Jimmy_Carter">ability</a> to manipulate items on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabed">sea bed</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglTjJgswwwqyIk3hNnJrFq2QjCo4CBI3ZQm3tI-2k9B6PQ3J9n2Npjfq7G1unv2FvcA6fqLUQOvszXMg_4sy4Nnw9uQ35OFa7stDS3mPgBy2IuzWrIUNGo1Vz3ZsYTHhrsI_LPtbXd2In7loaPQLRRS8RYaHwuBfGw_K7dgYGSgKMlON2aPBwUSON41fI/s1600/His%20Majestys%20Type%2023M%20frigate%20Cornwall%20of%20the%20Royal%20Duke%20class.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="His Majestys Type 23M frigate Cornwall of the Royal Duke class" border="0" data-original-height="820" data-original-width="1600" height="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEglTjJgswwwqyIk3hNnJrFq2QjCo4CBI3ZQm3tI-2k9B6PQ3J9n2Npjfq7G1unv2FvcA6fqLUQOvszXMg_4sy4Nnw9uQ35OFa7stDS3mPgBy2IuzWrIUNGo1Vz3ZsYTHhrsI_LPtbXd2In7loaPQLRRS8RYaHwuBfGw_K7dgYGSgKMlON2aPBwUSON41fI/w400-h205/His%20Majestys%20Type%2023M%20frigate%20Cornwall%20of%20the%20Royal%20Duke%20class.jpg" title="His Majestys Type 23M frigate Cornwall of the Royal Duke class" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/06/the-type-23m-frigate.html">Picture: Original photo L. (Phot.) Dave Jenkins,Crown Copyright,modifications by Grand Logistics</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">On the surface several of the twenty-four <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_23_frigate">Duke</a>,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/06/the-type-23m-frigate.html">Royal Duke</a> and Falkland class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate">frigates</a> (which could have been built for far less than the cost of six <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_45_destroyer">Daring class</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/10/air-defence-of-united-kingdom.html">air defence</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destroyer">destroyers</a>,five <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River-class_offshore_patrol_vessel">River class</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2010/02/defining-modern-brig.html">patrol vessels</a>,refits for Type 23 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare">submarine defence</a> frigates,repairs for Type 45 destroyers,eight <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_26_frigate">Type 26</a> submarine defence frigates,five <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_31_frigate">Type 31</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2020/10/the-type-31-frigate-roles.html">point defence "frigates"</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_32_frigate">Type 32</a> mystery frigates) would likely be within a few days sailing of the search area with hull mounted and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towed_array_sonar">towed array</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonar">sonars</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101">Merlin</a> or <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-super-merlin-shall-be-twenty-long.html">Hermes</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-three-helicopters-hectorhercules.html">helicopters</a> which could be helpful in search operations.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaIbcmN2U0Oy9VKH8x2f_E3dEhntrQVPNjqqRXKGQHnM8xPxyTSWCYqt6u8hEwXTJKQwDL_P-LllhU3AcnS03Umxv6yzWo7D9pkPhLR46aCKPFtWBjTNEGFAD22x2Y8C84uedsB37E1EZc97YXfIZsTIG5ZhKBeG3jigLRFuSJ6Kafsih3b97wgbZbQeI/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaIbcmN2U0Oy9VKH8x2f_E3dEhntrQVPNjqqRXKGQHnM8xPxyTSWCYqt6u8hEwXTJKQwDL_P-LllhU3AcnS03Umxv6yzWo7D9pkPhLR46aCKPFtWBjTNEGFAD22x2Y8C84uedsB37E1EZc97YXfIZsTIG5ZhKBeG3jigLRFuSJ6Kafsih3b97wgbZbQeI/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate">Picture: BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">At least one of the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-anatomy-of-hydrographing-sloop.html">Hecate class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrography">hydrographing</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloop-of-war">sloops</a> is likely to be in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean">North Atlantic</a> area with it's hull mounted and towed sonars being able to locate items on the sea bed and its <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remotely_operated_underwater_vehicle">tethered submersible</a> being able to investigate and manipulate them.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNnso3gWMQ5ZeZuSaycmu1kLqHMZd8XXu4hfvmXpFafQZv7pYrthy-21S8GXLNXLaqoL_x7zAxsE88QTS4P6VmUxtMXJWb1iawCCcf5O1fRlLiL9A8KD5dvtyzLEUOO8JLP4ZFp6b8vryO7MLiEFMcubkHKI5xhtbIcIibC9CqSw5AgitXgFzGmJmnAAs/s1920/The%20Australian%20Research%20and%20Supply%20Vessel%20Nuyina%20using%20a%20Dynamic%20Positioning%20System%20to%20manoeuvre.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Australian Research and Supply Vessel Nuyina using a Dynamic Positioning System to manoeuvre" border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1920" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNnso3gWMQ5ZeZuSaycmu1kLqHMZd8XXu4hfvmXpFafQZv7pYrthy-21S8GXLNXLaqoL_x7zAxsE88QTS4P6VmUxtMXJWb1iawCCcf5O1fRlLiL9A8KD5dvtyzLEUOO8JLP4ZFp6b8vryO7MLiEFMcubkHKI5xhtbIcIibC9CqSw5AgitXgFzGmJmnAAs/w400-h225/The%20Australian%20Research%20and%20Supply%20Vessel%20Nuyina%20using%20a%20Dynamic%20Positioning%20System%20to%20manoeuvre.jpg" title="The Australian Research and Supply Vessel Nuyina using a Dynamic Positioning System to manoeuvre" width="400" /></a></div></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.antarctica.gov.au/nuyina/science/science-operations/">Picture: Pete Harmsen,Australian Antarctic Division photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Two of the four <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/12/the-iceman-cometh.html">Assistance class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icebreaker">icebreaking</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugboat">tugs</a> shall routinely carry a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_rescue">submarine rescue party</a> to support <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_warfare">underwater warfare</a> with the <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2gus79ihPYQh6yAeAMJBJulCVWq4ARz50zthgxlPBS7YSh8fpxaJRkBv1EYPORanRXLED-qzqzhSVWBT4nDmLpXV9zhyphenhyphenXYNI9_ocRG_PkK_taleNpVOrnl6gSDYJs5qRj0uU1nb0VZYQ/s1600/Division+Areas+Of+Responsibility.bmp">Northern Division</a>,whilst the other two shall routinely carry a ship <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repair_ship">repair party</a> to support vessels on more <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj87MR6sdaaK7jVirLG_fQ6xxI7WilHYnyeFF6PDm9ADZJckWA8XwD3OJTlFVPkaR4BnNeRSk0kzgp3y_Bznzt_azc6INbKTGUph_3-CcfBqr15rbCsKiXLpKyj54VcAgB34ymmtOdQL4/s1600/Squadron+Areas+Of+Responsibility.bmp">distant stations</a>,but due to their slow speed it is unlikely that they could cross the Atlantic quickly enough to be of any use.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgoh68PY_CsdC0AgGd9Xd3rwvfgg6CUxTfl-WDcQeAmnM-CpNiqs9SBBC3U0SBKZjh1WIXgbBh6w_YXJw8meMpx15P64DtuwuvX-5BOS2_stKnzRitroRHSsnkqcdaFmwSuSpddinK1zmtEm3wSnkquqmPBZCI2mjLbFmgGm-oKnCgi_-8y6bvW6eTmrM/s5595/The%20ALP%20Maritime%20Services%20Striker%20class%20tugs%20Keeper%20and%20Sweeper.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The ALP Maritime Services Striker class tugs Keeper and Sweeper" border="0" data-original-height="3730" data-original-width="5595" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgoh68PY_CsdC0AgGd9Xd3rwvfgg6CUxTfl-WDcQeAmnM-CpNiqs9SBBC3U0SBKZjh1WIXgbBh6w_YXJw8meMpx15P64DtuwuvX-5BOS2_stKnzRitroRHSsnkqcdaFmwSuSpddinK1zmtEm3wSnkquqmPBZCI2mjLbFmgGm-oKnCgi_-8y6bvW6eTmrM/w400-h266/The%20ALP%20Maritime%20Services%20Striker%20class%20tugs%20Keeper%20and%20Sweeper.jpg" title="The ALP Maritime Services Striker class tugs Keeper and Sweeper" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.alpmaritime.com/fleet/alp-keeper">Picture: Unknown photographer,ALP Maritime Services photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">However,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/09/the-queen-is-deadgod-save-king.html">His Majesty's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvage_tug">Rescuing Tug</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Ranger">Ranger</a> on station at Bermuda shall be within about a day's sailing time of the Titanic wreck site and her <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_heave_compensation">heave compensated</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crane_(machine)">crane</a> shall be able to lift the Titan but although designed to accommodate tethered submersibles,a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_salvage">salvage party</a> and a submarine rescue party she shall not routinely carry them and they must be flown out to Bermuda before departure,a flight of around six hours for an aircraft such as the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-centaurus.html">Centaurus</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-85396276684212326072023-06-03T04:45:00.000+01:002023-06-03T04:45:59.067+01:00The Few<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVn9JDEV7U481N75eSPrR2jQb9f8QUpC6WgLVdOEOBvYvFdl39X1_aYCY5C3sdBq_CYGeBKVMOdBp3GcdDIzgvGsJ-l0wwzB8oAa7lHWutYgLJ4MWs4MaM3M7S0D28Mc12GOoxDM9UMlw0olYWxv2jU6V4XSqSVO6RmrPp5jmpebN0tB691eAZYNwi/s1982/Never%20was%20so%20much%20owed%20by%20so%20many%20to%20so%20few.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Never was so much owed by so many to so few" border="0" data-original-height="1982" data-original-width="1329" height="597" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVn9JDEV7U481N75eSPrR2jQb9f8QUpC6WgLVdOEOBvYvFdl39X1_aYCY5C3sdBq_CYGeBKVMOdBp3GcdDIzgvGsJ-l0wwzB8oAa7lHWutYgLJ4MWs4MaM3M7S0D28Mc12GOoxDM9UMlw0olYWxv2jU6V4XSqSVO6RmrPp5jmpebN0tB691eAZYNwi/w430-h640/Never%20was%20so%20much%20owed%20by%20so%20many%20to%20so%20few.jpg" title="Never was so much owed by so many to so few" width="400" /></span></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Never_was_so_much_owed_by_so_many_to_so_few.jpg">Picture: Unknown photographer,His Majesty's Stationery Office photograph,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Few">The Few</a>,the handful of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_pilot">pilots</a> who heroically defended the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Darkest_Hour">darkest hour</a>,or as <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general_31.html">racist and misandrist</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/05/the-racist-air-force.html">Royal Air Force</a> officers might describe them: <a href="https://news.sky.com/story/raf-recruiters-were-advised-against-selecting-useless-white-male-pilots-to-hit-diversity-targets-12893684">"useless white male pilots"</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-20177520826061987662023-04-12T00:59:00.006+01:002023-05-29T14:16:51.468+01:00The Transformational BAE Systems Archer Artillery System<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyVScqyFPb2GESRstCRDZPZSZBFG5VoyERxQm5453H54ipLEbAE4uGRuE7_agKmqvYkC33gSPDmgcelfmKOGv227b23qeCQ3nqkyOWeytxPdHoQ8ghQ2cgxNgapbzy8i4BrhqLJumxsoRhwQjb8qwez_xDKGZyMChK1V-GVxhoewYUja4kPNeHO8wE/s1772/Home%20Guard%20soldiers%20operate%20a%20Blacker%20Bombard%20spigot%20mortar%20at%20Number%203%20General%20Head%20Quarters%20Home%20Guard%20School%20at%20Onibury%20near%20Craven%20Arms%20in%20Shropshire%20on%20the%2020th%20of%20May%201943.205199042.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Home Guard soldiers operate a Blacker Bombard spigot mortar at Number 3 General Head Quarters Home Guard School at Onibury near Craven Arms in Shropshire on the 20th of May 1943" border="0" data-original-height="1772" data-original-width="1772" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhyVScqyFPb2GESRstCRDZPZSZBFG5VoyERxQm5453H54ipLEbAE4uGRuE7_agKmqvYkC33gSPDmgcelfmKOGv227b23qeCQ3nqkyOWeytxPdHoQ8ghQ2cgxNgapbzy8i4BrhqLJumxsoRhwQjb8qwez_xDKGZyMChK1V-GVxhoewYUja4kPNeHO8wE/w400-h400/Home%20Guard%20soldiers%20operate%20a%20Blacker%20Bombard%20spigot%20mortar%20at%20Number%203%20General%20Head%20Quarters%20Home%20Guard%20School%20at%20Onibury%20near%20Craven%20Arms%20in%20Shropshire%20on%20the%2020th%20of%20May%201943.205199042.jpg" title="Home Guard soldiers operate a Blacker Bombard spigot mortar at Number 3 General Head Quarters Home Guard School at Onibury near Craven Arms in Shropshire on the 20th of May 1943" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205199042">Picture: Lieutenant Taylor,War Office official photographer,© IWM H 30181</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Army">British Army</a> has a long and unfortunate history of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snatch_Land_Rover">condemning soldiers to death</a> by sending them in to battle with inadequate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blacker_Bombard">equipment</a> procured on the grounds that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urgent_Operational_Requirement">urgency</a> was more important than efficacy (during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II">Second World War</a> two thirds of it’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covenanter_tank">tanks</a> were obsolete before they even left the factory) and,as <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-transformational-boxer-vehicle.html">old habits die hard</a>,herein we shall discuss it’s recent decision to procure the,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/10/save-british-army.html">fashionable</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archer_Artillery_System">Archer Artillery System</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpu9jMWB7pCNdadBpwpyJhEzpTNjb1AeyKuLdbNcaNXdp_F9tBEpb9t7Z4Va7Q8CB9T4gsKUFwPnDXp1fzxy8BF_wISGXAV23Zaj6A_KgWPUtJuY9K9WTpqPt6p8hI-eCbwaYC3gRq4TBdYu0wXqcWKvwx_KQZIMvlQfh3C1t4aSjWNKSh1sTuklyZ/s1799/Weapon%20Echelons.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Weapon Echelons" border="0" data-original-height="1799" data-original-width="800" height="900" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgpu9jMWB7pCNdadBpwpyJhEzpTNjb1AeyKuLdbNcaNXdp_F9tBEpb9t7Z4Va7Q8CB9T4gsKUFwPnDXp1fzxy8BF_wISGXAV23Zaj6A_KgWPUtJuY9K9WTpqPt6p8hI-eCbwaYC3gRq4TBdYu0wXqcWKvwx_KQZIMvlQfh3C1t4aSjWNKSh1sTuklyZ/w285-h640/Weapon%20Echelons.bmp" title="Weapon Echelons" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">Picture: Grand Logistics</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">All <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army">armies</a> organise themselves differently and are constantly changing but typically <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-general.html">shorter ranged</a> weapons are held at <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/08/the-light-infantry-division-platoon.html">lower levels</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-range_ballistic_missile">longer ranged weapons</a> are held at higher levels due to differences in their vulnerability,mobility,logistic demands,reaction times and effective ranges and weapons such as the Archer Artillery System are often held at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brigade">brigade</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Division_(military)">division</a> level,usually operating within the range of enemy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corps">corps</a> and divisional level <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery">artillery</a> but without the range of enemy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battalion">battalion</a> level <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/07/an-independent-army-for-independent.html">weapons</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFz9AzFCRrzSRmzqj8TD_m00DSKUhxz9VU1m4iY43--EFcAo2RkYz1LiSVb8TAfEavhnR1bapLVKgYTLXyDK9-0L-3Gc9skusIyqIOJ9DFZquvHosQDvbyZhi169jVky2_Q2asbeRYvooJM9hDE2jybHRNxt8KoqIvfEdbp8JAcoUIvkx2BmkBOkBO/s1000/Avoiding%20Counter%20Battery%20Fire.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Avoiding Counter Battery Fire" border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="600" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFz9AzFCRrzSRmzqj8TD_m00DSKUhxz9VU1m4iY43--EFcAo2RkYz1LiSVb8TAfEavhnR1bapLVKgYTLXyDK9-0L-3Gc9skusIyqIOJ9DFZquvHosQDvbyZhi169jVky2_Q2asbeRYvooJM9hDE2jybHRNxt8KoqIvfEdbp8JAcoUIvkx2BmkBOkBO/w384-h640/Avoiding%20Counter%20Battery%20Fire.bmp" title="Avoiding Counter Battery Fire" width="384" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">Picture: Grand Logistics</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">When threatened by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-battery_fire">counter battery fire</a> divisional artillery may engage the enemy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Front_line">front line</a> from without the range of it’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/152_mm_howitzer_2A65_Msta-B">counterpart</a>,thereby limiting it’s exposure to enemy corps level artillery which if <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-battery_radar">indirectly observed</a> shall not be able to put rounds on target before even a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M777_howitzer">towed artillery</a> piece,such as <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-army-for-independent.html">An Independent Army For An Independent Nation’s</a> proposed <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-field-gun.html">Field Gun</a>,is able to complete a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fire_for_effect">fire mission</a> and leave the area due to the long time of flight but even then divisional artillery remains vulnerable to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Observation_Post">directly observed</a> fire (the effects of which may be mitigated by an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infantry">infantry</a> screen,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-medium.html">air defences</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_camouflage">camouflage</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_screen">obscurants</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_dummy">decoys</a>) when conducting <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_for_Caen">slow paced</a> infantry operations.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilIBR8W3BMBhAMOtLbER__ByiC463q_MP2mm4PT1Zazjy47s_Xb9qsFnH1Wm1Wh55vtq8nkbmPlQxh9UcWOF0qTCnB6dwkmXiuvWkya8Vgsj6XtPloxpZ2IKvNY5mHoLUsAuMmYUVHbgRg47on-PCnav4ReZ91OLsEvcZi-1jaOzZ4NyJtDAFwuB6-/s2000/Soldiers%20from%2026%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20using%20the%20AS90%20in%20the%20direct%20fire%20role%20during%20Exercise%20Mansergh%20Sabre%20on%20the%2019th%20of%20February%202016.APOWMID2016009066TJ.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Soldiers from 26 Regiment Royal Artillery using the AS90 in the direct fire role during Exercise Mansergh Sabre on the 19th of February 2016" border="0" data-original-height="1332" data-original-width="2000" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilIBR8W3BMBhAMOtLbER__ByiC463q_MP2mm4PT1Zazjy47s_Xb9qsFnH1Wm1Wh55vtq8nkbmPlQxh9UcWOF0qTCnB6dwkmXiuvWkya8Vgsj6XtPloxpZ2IKvNY5mHoLUsAuMmYUVHbgRg47on-PCnav4ReZ91OLsEvcZi-1jaOzZ4NyJtDAFwuB6-/w400-h266/Soldiers%20from%2026%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20using%20the%20AS90%20in%20the%20direct%20fire%20role%20during%20Exercise%20Mansergh%20Sabre%20on%20the%2019th%20of%20February%202016.APOWMID2016009066TJ.jpg" title="Soldiers from 26 Regiment Royal Artillery using the AS90 in the direct fire role during Exercise Mansergh Sabre on the 19th of February 2016" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/defenceimages/26894200792">Picture: Corporal Timothy Jones,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">As it is time consuming to detect,identify and destroy thousands of small,low value,targets which do not wish to be detected,identified and destroyed (clearing a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut">small town</a> of infantry often takes months) a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maneuver_warfare">manoeuvre</a> force which rapidly advances in to enemy territory must do so through <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrain">terrain</a> which has not been thoroughly cleared and therefore it’s artillery shall be exposed to engagement by direct fire weapons such as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9M133_Kornet">Kornet missile</a> and directly observed artillery fire,the effectiveness of which increases,due to reduced dispersion and time of flight,as the force advances towards the enemy’s guns and for this reason a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Horse_Artillery">Royal Horse Artillery</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regiment">regiment</a> in each <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_warfare">heavy cavalry</a> division of An independent Army For An Independent Nation shall be equipped with the Chaplain self propelled gun-howitzer (based on the same hull as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Engineers">Royal Engineers'</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/the-war-in-ukraine-chastisement.html">Chastiser</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assault_gun">assault</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howitzer">howitzer</a>) which shall have <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_track">tracks</a>,heavy <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armour">armour</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenade_launcher#Smoke">dischargers</a> for decoys and obscurants.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp7XJN9ssV56jR5z177MOyQfBUBM3aD0etb6SUaofTm66HbJXFTTcVNRWODjN5FMR2tYixK-g1LzQVTeSLBUAwG95y6AoeRFmx13tJ6AaaBcmWa8td-g3BS7IHQfDFsHaK0dx8FGh6Z9OTRzSWSjX0x4VnIOrR2DXSMrZ0RGdbF7zyOGVAPBw2Ss9x/s3000/A%20Merlin%20of%20845%20Naval%20Air%20Squadron%20positions%20a%20105mm%20light%20gun%20of%208%20Alma%20Commando%20Battery%2029%20Commando%20Royal%20Artillery%20in%20the%20Mediterranean%20on%20the%206th%20of%20October%202016.CH160034279.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A Merlin of 845 Naval Air Squadron positions a 105mm light gun of 8 Alma Commando Battery 29 Commando Royal Artillery in the Mediterranean on the 6th of October 2016" border="0" data-original-height="2000" data-original-width="3000" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhp7XJN9ssV56jR5z177MOyQfBUBM3aD0etb6SUaofTm66HbJXFTTcVNRWODjN5FMR2tYixK-g1LzQVTeSLBUAwG95y6AoeRFmx13tJ6AaaBcmWa8td-g3BS7IHQfDFsHaK0dx8FGh6Z9OTRzSWSjX0x4VnIOrR2DXSMrZ0RGdbF7zyOGVAPBw2Ss9x/w400-h266/A%20Merlin%20of%20845%20Naval%20Air%20Squadron%20positions%20a%20105mm%20light%20gun%20of%208%20Alma%20Commando%20Battery%2029%20Commando%20Royal%20Artillery%20in%20the%20Mediterranean%20on%20the%206th%20of%20October%202016.CH160034279.jpg" title="A Merlin of 845 Naval Air Squadron positions a 105mm light gun of 8 Alma Commando Battery 29 Commando Royal Artillery in the Mediterranean on the 6th of October 2016" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2016/October/12/CH160034279.jpg">Picture: P.O. (Phot.) Si Ethell,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">To seize unoccupied terrain light forces must move faster than their medium and heavy opponents,a role which implies and is implied by road and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_assault">air mobility</a>,and for this reason every <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/the-light-infantry-division.html">light infantry division</a> shall be equipped with the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-ox.html">Ox</a>,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-division-field-car.html">Mule</a> and <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-light.html">Pony</a> vehicles and the division’s artillery regiment shall be equipped with the Five and a Half Inch Gun Howitzer which may be towed on narrow roads or across weak bridges,carried by the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-super-merlin-shall-be-twenty-long.html">Hermes</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-three-helicopters-hectorhercules.html">helicopter</a> or air dropped in quantity by the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-centaurus.html">Centaurus</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">aircraft</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxAx5YyLoSXK3HAPDhXqjYOqrhRyqvQMht3sZbXM6pjG40RerEVt7UQvFDhAC8l_HAOAj0mKK0NNYV9G7Z0keAPaZZ_qrlEUUd4vQhQubmuF0FTmHqmQ4DWEkonLVrhHoHbn-UFEOlXClDBXz5Ix_oCoQsUKN29Xd-8t8PFnSSeqM7qYWvl1MNHT0b/s4283/The%20Swedish%20Archer%20Artillery%20System%20provides%20live%20fire%20support%20during%20winter%20warfare%20training%20on%20Exercise%20Winter%20Sun%20at%20Boden%20in%20Sweden%20on%20the%2016th%20March%202018.40893807741.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Swedish Archer Artillery System provides live fire support during winter warfare training on Exercise Winter Sun at Boden in Sweden on the 16th March 2018" border="0" data-original-height="2855" data-original-width="4283" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgxAx5YyLoSXK3HAPDhXqjYOqrhRyqvQMht3sZbXM6pjG40RerEVt7UQvFDhAC8l_HAOAj0mKK0NNYV9G7Z0keAPaZZ_qrlEUUd4vQhQubmuF0FTmHqmQ4DWEkonLVrhHoHbn-UFEOlXClDBXz5Ix_oCoQsUKN29Xd-8t8PFnSSeqM7qYWvl1MNHT0b/w400-h266/The%20Swedish%20Archer%20Artillery%20System%20provides%20live%20fire%20support%20during%20winter%20warfare%20training%20on%20Exercise%20Winter%20Sun%20at%20Boden%20in%20Sweden%20on%20the%2016th%20March%202018.40893807741.jpg" title="The Swedish Archer Artillery System provides live fire support during winter warfare training on Exercise Winter Sun at Boden in Sweden on the 16th March 2018" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/shapenato/40893807741">Picture: Staff Sergeant Dan Bardsley GBRA,North Atlantic Treaty Organisation photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The Archer Artillery System shall be adequate for supporting <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attrition_warfare">slow paced</a> infantry work,which could be done at a lower cost by a towed weapon,but it lacks the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/05/horses-for-courses.html">mobility</a>,protection and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Countermeasure">countermeasures</a> to support a rapidly advancing heavy cavalry force,is too wide to exploit narrow roads and too heavy to cross weak bridges,be lifted by helicopter or be dropped by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parachute">parachute</a>,yet some think equipping the British Army with an armed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articulated_hauler">dump truck</a> would be <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">transformational</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-27163211541386612482023-04-01T16:04:00.001+01:002023-04-01T16:19:16.977+01:00 AR-15 Rifles For The British Armed Forces<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7PglehIQTIWzy_0w8DyuJWmEhE5mdeUYxrFKjGS1cpubsPvu4RzpACGf-1VLHqmut1bQpDA4-BHfN1j1rfI5pnK0GwOmV4Fzr3i5tGNQTs89BtA9a_clHqZzDjJVy_Jjj5sWFGAU0fZFUielY2rV9jAkkIuHC6zCyNDFZrHKqY86Eh4iU26vUhEcA/s7276/Members%20of%2042%20Commando%20Fleet%20Contingency%20conducting%20high%20vertical%20assaults%20on%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Mounts%20Bay%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20July%202021.30CDO20210712BH0014004.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Members of 42 Commando Fleet Contingency conducting high vertical assaults on Royal Fleet Auxiliary Mounts Bay on the 2nd of July 2021" border="0" data-original-height="7276" data-original-width="4850" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi7PglehIQTIWzy_0w8DyuJWmEhE5mdeUYxrFKjGS1cpubsPvu4RzpACGf-1VLHqmut1bQpDA4-BHfN1j1rfI5pnK0GwOmV4Fzr3i5tGNQTs89BtA9a_clHqZzDjJVy_Jjj5sWFGAU0fZFUielY2rV9jAkkIuHC6zCyNDFZrHKqY86Eh4iU26vUhEcA/w266-h400/Members%20of%2042%20Commando%20Fleet%20Contingency%20conducting%20high%20vertical%20assaults%20on%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Mounts%20Bay%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20July%202021.30CDO20210712BH0014004.jpg" title="Members of 42 Commando Fleet Contingency conducting high vertical assaults on Royal Fleet Auxiliary Mounts Bay on the 2nd of July 2021" width="266" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2021/July/12/30CDO-20210712-BH0014-004.jpg">Picture: L. (Phot.) Joe Cater,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The Deputy Chief of Defence Staff <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">(Transformation)</a> at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Northern_Ireland">United Kingdom's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a>,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general_19.html">General</a> Stephen Laughter who is soon to retire and take up a post with a small arms manufacturer in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_states">United States of America</a>,has chosen game-changing <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/the-transformational-armalite-rifle.html">AR-15 rifles</a> to replace the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SA80">SA80 family of weapons</a> currently in service with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy">Royal Navy</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Army">British Army</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Air_Force">Royal Air Force</a> going forward,a decision he described as a no-brainer,he added that procurement of this <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ArmaLite_AR-15">sixty year old design</a> demonstrated a commitment to modernisation in the face of an increasingly dangerous security environment and that in an era of ever closer military integration using the same weapon as key allies shall be transformational.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-136928426456346142023-03-13T20:42:00.027+00:002023-03-14T01:26:33.343+00:00Joint Leader's Statement On AUKUS<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ8p6bPKg1WD0ksQm9-dc_u1hfilnfRi8DDHW8pA8ohANhqCkgVF_dormV9COVhrFOulrb5ML9_z1V4U6-mWpzl80TY2EQUOSs_gajODSq3hYq2LenRZULg8F8W7v-h11s_AALdQlGSFFdE_I6i1yShrgOzUtTRQEjz0DMDWkMr_3MSIECvrAoBNbt/s7691/The%20Royal%20Marines%20Surveillance%20and%20Reconnaissance%20Squadron%20deploying%20Inflatable%20Raiding%20Craft%20from%20a%20submarine%20at%20Lyngan%20Fjord%20in%20Northern%20Norway%20on%20the%2013th%20of%20March%202022.FLEET20220314AS0001073.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: #444444; font-size: large;"><img alt="The Royal Marines Surveillance and Reconnaissance Squadron deploying Inflatable Raiding Craft from a submarine at Lyngan Fjord in Northern Norway on the 13th of March 2022" border="0" data-original-height="5130" data-original-width="7691" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiZ8p6bPKg1WD0ksQm9-dc_u1hfilnfRi8DDHW8pA8ohANhqCkgVF_dormV9COVhrFOulrb5ML9_z1V4U6-mWpzl80TY2EQUOSs_gajODSq3hYq2LenRZULg8F8W7v-h11s_AALdQlGSFFdE_I6i1yShrgOzUtTRQEjz0DMDWkMr_3MSIECvrAoBNbt/w400-h266/The%20Royal%20Marines%20Surveillance%20and%20Reconnaissance%20Squadron%20deploying%20Inflatable%20Raiding%20Craft%20from%20a%20submarine%20at%20Lyngan%20Fjord%20in%20Northern%20Norway%20on%20the%2013th%20of%20March%202022.FLEET20220314AS0001073.jpg" title="The Royal Marines Surveillance and Reconnaissance Squadron deploying Inflatable Raiding Craft from a submarine at Lyngan Fjord in Northern Norway on the 13th of March 2022" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2022/March/30/FLEET-20220314-AS0001-073.jpg">Picture: L. (Phot.) Mark Johnson,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">"In <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2021/09/15/joint-leaders-statement-on-aukus/">September 2021</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia">Australia</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States</a> announced <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AUKUS">AUKUS</a> – a new security partnership that will promote a free and open <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo-Pacific">Indo-Pacific</a> that is secure and stable.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">The first major initiative of AUKUS was our historic trilateral decision to support Australia acquiring conventionally-armed, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_technology">nuclear-powered</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine">submarines</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSN_(hull_classification_symbol)">(SSNs)</a>. Today, we <a href="https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/03/13/joint-leaders-statement-on-aukus-2/#:~:text=In%20September%202021%2C%20Australia%2C%20the,that%20is%20secure%20and%20stable.">announce</a> our pathway to achieve this critical capability.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">Together we will deliver SSN-AUKUS – a trilaterally-developed submarine based on the United Kingdom’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SSN(R)">next-generation design</a> that incorporates technology from all three nations, including cutting edge U.S. submarine technologies. Australia and the United Kingdom will operate SSN-AUKUS as their submarine of the future. Australia and the United Kingdom will begin work to build SSN-AUKUS in their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems_Submarines">domestic shipyards</a> within this decade. </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">In order to deliver conventionally-armed, nuclear-powered submarines to Australia at the earliest possible date, we intend to pursue the following phased approach, moving through each phase based on mutual commitments from each nation:</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">Beginning in 2023, Australian military and civilian personnel will embed with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Navy">U.S. Navy</a>, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_navy">Royal Navy</a>, and in the United States and United Kingdom submarine industrial bases to accelerate the training of Australian personnel. The United States plans to increase SSN port visits to Australia beginning in 2023, with Australian sailors joining U.S. crews for training and development; the United Kingdom will increase visits to Australia beginning in 2026.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">As early as 2027, the United States and United Kingdom plan to begin forward rotations of SSNs to Australia to accelerate the development of the Australian naval personnel, workforce, infrastructure and regulatory system necessary to establish a sovereign SSN capability.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">Starting in the early 2030s, pending <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Congress">Congressional</a> approval, the United States intends to sell Australia three <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia-class_submarine">Virginia class</a> submarines, with the potential to sell up to two more if needed. This step will systematically grow Australia’s sovereign SSN capability and support capacity.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">In the late 2030s, the United Kingdom will deliver its first SSN-AUKUS to the Royal Navy. Australia will deliver the first SSN-AUKUS built in Australia to the Royal Australian Navy in the early 2040s.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">This plan is designed to support Australia’s development of the infrastructure, technical capabilities, industry and human capital necessary to produce, maintain, operate, and steward a sovereign fleet of conventionally-armed, nuclear-powered submarines. Australia is fully committed to responsible stewardship of naval nuclear propulsion technology.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">When we announced the AUKUS partnership in September 2021, we committed to set the highest <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginia-class_submarine">nuclear non-proliferation</a> standard. The plan we announce today delivers on this commitment and reflects our longstanding leadership in, and respect for, the global nuclear non-proliferation regime. We continue to consult with the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency">International Atomic Energy Agency</a> to develop a non-proliferation approach that sets the strongest precedent for the acquisition of a nuclear-powered submarine capability.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">Our plan elevates all three nations’ industrial capacity to produce and sustain interoperable nuclear-powered submarines for decades to come, expands our individual and collective undersea presence in the Indo-Pacific, and contributes to global security and stability. In these outcomes, AUKUS reflects the principle that shared action, taken in partnership, can benefit all.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">Implementing AUKUS will also require robust, novel information sharing and technology cooperation. Our nations are committed to further trilateral collaboration that will strengthen our joint capabilities, enhance our information and technology sharing, and integrate our industrial bases and supply chains while strengthening the security regimes of each nation.</span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: georgia; font-size: large;">For more than a century, our three nations have stood shoulder to shoulder, along with other allies and partners, to help sustain peace, stability, and prosperity around the world, including in the Indo-Pacific. We believe in a world that protects freedom and respects human rights, the rule of law, the independence of sovereign states, and the rules-based international order. The steps we are announcing today will help us to advance these mutually beneficial objectives in the decades to come."</span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-15839444811063703102023-02-25T12:57:00.014+00:002023-04-01T18:12:45.564+01:00The Transformational REMUS 620 Unmanned Underwater Vehicle<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRtKvhiwY5RYRnDi4H1diMjiu10_RR5-7zNQmDIRKUJtQKo14eWQTgkjJrJRYz_eTeUwbxHUr3NA7x-8ziTNq-oWlKIj2f8TFNyopQ3nT_y6fIy4JdboSrLfpLUEgiNXfJUaW_wAKZvn7HqtGbleaxxLpXN0mGbVg2IJq4WTBtx0bHuozcvWLHEwnr/s800/His%20Majestys%20Ship%20Audacious%20a%20King%20George%20V%20class%20dreadnought%20sinking%20after%20striking%20a%20German%20mine%20off%20Tory%20Island%20on%20the%2027th%20of%20October%201914.205320371.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="His Majestys Ship Audacious a King George V class dreadnought sinking after striking a German mine off Tory Island on the 27th of October 1914" border="0" data-original-height="482" data-original-width="800" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRtKvhiwY5RYRnDi4H1diMjiu10_RR5-7zNQmDIRKUJtQKo14eWQTgkjJrJRYz_eTeUwbxHUr3NA7x-8ziTNq-oWlKIj2f8TFNyopQ3nT_y6fIy4JdboSrLfpLUEgiNXfJUaW_wAKZvn7HqtGbleaxxLpXN0mGbVg2IJq4WTBtx0bHuozcvWLHEwnr/w400-h241/His%20Majestys%20Ship%20Audacious%20a%20King%20George%20V%20class%20dreadnought%20sinking%20after%20striking%20a%20German%20mine%20off%20Tory%20Island%20on%20the%2027th%20of%20October%201914.205320371.jpg" title="His Majestys Ship Audacious a King George V class dreadnought sinking after striking a German mine off Tory Island on the 27th of October 1914" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205320371">Picture: Unknown photographer,© IWM Q 75584</a></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">If it is not possible to prevent the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia">enemy</a> laying <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_mine">naval mines</a> by destroying their mines and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Adventure_(M23)">mine layers</a> before they can be used then it becomes <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corfu_Channel_incident">necessary</a> to <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2023/02/an-independent-navy-for-independent_13.html">determine</a> where mines have been laid by means of a survey and effective use of time and resources dictates doing this ahead of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convoy_QP_13">friendly vessels</a>,consequently the speed of advance of those vessels shall be constrained by the speed of the mine survey.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinTLCXfx3-agWffXxMFY57aFtwqubfdUFcVk2WNsO-KsPbcXW3pWhBLHTGOq3_56VatxgbFLwf-ex2k2wozubCJ4aX7BN3MY_4jq89jBqwEMJ_xhiZ-3ASa_y3xf29jlYOHH3FFckiPDfwDn06Pwi-gOnwMIgjWKOtmX9szA5YCcgENPYY-cfPFmP9/s800/Mining%20Sloop%20Operations.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Mining Sloop Operations" border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="800" height="375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEinTLCXfx3-agWffXxMFY57aFtwqubfdUFcVk2WNsO-KsPbcXW3pWhBLHTGOq3_56VatxgbFLwf-ex2k2wozubCJ4aX7BN3MY_4jq89jBqwEMJ_xhiZ-3ASa_y3xf29jlYOHH3FFckiPDfwDn06Pwi-gOnwMIgjWKOtmX9szA5YCcgENPYY-cfPFmP9/w400-h375/Mining%20Sloop%20Operations.bmp" title="Mining Sloop Operations" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html">Picture: Grand Logistics</a></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">A <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html">mining sloop</a> locates mined areas by deploying it’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley-class_minehunter">Mine Hunting Launches</a> which survey a lane at a speed of up to fifteen </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nautical_mile">nautical miles</a> per hour</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,advancing up to three hundred and sixty nautical miles per day whilst <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio">relaying</a> contacts in real time and when a mined area is detected clearing a lane at a rate of advance of up to fifteen </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_(unit)">knots</a> (</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">depending on the width of the lane,the density of contacts and the number of launches available for the task).</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ocFGKgm2Lpap9K57cZ5StLJRQoRzUfIyEHVp4eOfg3pQ31n9TOZtD8lGiXRYEy88rxQfVBO-PfEqp7TeSJJeg1I6ie-hSYRu6mFp73HEqPiihU-3u9NHj4YWbtjLJ4NOmXdSJQoE_JsB8GiyafywhsFRayAzNRNjoeNcMCAp21hS5WCBvkVtB6tp/s2048/A%20Huntington%20Ingalls%20Industries%20REMUS%20620%20Unmanned%20Underwater%20Vehicle.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A Huntington Ingalls Industries REMUS 620 Unmanned Underwater Vehicle" border="0" data-original-height="1152" data-original-width="2048" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi1ocFGKgm2Lpap9K57cZ5StLJRQoRzUfIyEHVp4eOfg3pQ31n9TOZtD8lGiXRYEy88rxQfVBO-PfEqp7TeSJJeg1I6ie-hSYRu6mFp73HEqPiihU-3u9NHj4YWbtjLJ4NOmXdSJQoE_JsB8GiyafywhsFRayAzNRNjoeNcMCAp21hS5WCBvkVtB6tp/w400-h225/A%20Huntington%20Ingalls%20Industries%20REMUS%20620%20Unmanned%20Underwater%20Vehicle.jpg" title="A Huntington Ingalls Industries REMUS 620 Unmanned Underwater Vehicle" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://hii.com/news/hii-unveils-remus-620-unmanned-underwater-vehicle/">Picture: Unknown artist,Huntington Ingalls Industries image</a></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">The <a href="https://hii.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/REMUS-620_11-4-2022_1700-1.pdf">REMUS 620</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_underwater_vehicle">Unmanned Underwater Vehicle</a> with a </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://krakenrobotics.com">Kraken</a> <a href="http://krakenrobotics.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/Kraken-AquaPix-Minsas-Brochure-17.09.15-low-res.pdf">AquaPix MINSAS 120</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-scan_sonar">mine hunting sonar</a> and two <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery">batteries</a> has a maximum speed of eight knots and,at speeds of less than three knots,it has a maximum range of one hundred and thirty-two nautical miles and a maximum endurance of fifty hours (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity">electrically</a> powered <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submersible">submersibles</a> have very low performance because their batteries have low <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_density">energy density</a>).</span></span></div><div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaUUXgOvXwsopBvwm5uEGwTwHOfUv0ypdzTKEz7rvEIM_LM7mUP-SzQWn3orwb_j5Jn9eOnzxDuyqGrctuOqlLGKNeSuWB-Qn19Hl5U2c8Et6q2bf6Rdt0HWbhofxL_MxJQekNaSka3eoxm67v6DRDDFIPt2JLtIxwQ1jD_Iqn8qPoVQKRGZ3PbsQS/s4205/The%20Motor%20Vessel%20Island%20Crown%20at%20dock%20in%20Oslo%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20June%202013.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Motor Vessel Island Crown at dock in Oslo on the 2nd of June 2013" border="0" data-original-height="2426" data-original-width="4205" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaUUXgOvXwsopBvwm5uEGwTwHOfUv0ypdzTKEz7rvEIM_LM7mUP-SzQWn3orwb_j5Jn9eOnzxDuyqGrctuOqlLGKNeSuWB-Qn19Hl5U2c8Et6q2bf6Rdt0HWbhofxL_MxJQekNaSka3eoxm67v6DRDDFIPt2JLtIxwQ1jD_Iqn8qPoVQKRGZ3PbsQS/w400-h231/The%20Motor%20Vessel%20Island%20Crown%20at%20dock%20in%20Oslo%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20June%202013.jpg" title="The Motor Vessel Island Crown at dock in Oslo on the 2nd of June 2013" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2013-06_Island_Crown.jpg" style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Chell Hill</span></a></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">If deployed from </span></span></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">the</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><span><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Fleet_Auxiliary">Royal Fleet Auxiliary</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_ship">Motor Vessel</a> <a href="https://des.mod.uk/island-crown-autonomous-mine-hunting/">Island Crown</a></span></span></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> a </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">REMUS 620 would take fifty hours to survey sixty-six </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">nautical miles ahead and then return,due to the limits of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication_with_submarines">submarine communication</a> only after resurfacing </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">may </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_aperture_sonar">sonar images</a> be analysed</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,assuming</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> a </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">clearance speed of</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> fifteen knots it would take over fifty-four hours to survey and clear a sixty-six nautical mile lane,fifty hours longer than it would take </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">a mining sloop which could survey and clear up to</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">eight hundred and sixteen </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">nautical miles in the same time (because it's Mine Hunting Launches have air breathing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diesel_engine">diesel engines</a> and can analyse sonar imagery and relay contacts by radio in real time) and yet some think using <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_underwater_vehicle">toy</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine">submarines</a> to hunt mines would be <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">transformational</a>.</span></span></div><div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-5860672310160573372023-02-13T00:46:00.018+00:002023-02-23T11:39:21.381+00:00An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation: A Mining Sloop In The Falklands War<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj96GagX0zkrbyhFQanbIjbiUqTPWOWsFPIZdgRYjA72R9ORP1ItwM0BNEQPl4Kv1wAvId7zGLHAfH11JEjN9mtU11nCr2Uweo03bUpscuoBJAyfjA6wKwafelK93ax7h81QRH9CcvqTEdtmroUOsmDY4QjMxJEyRlZV3K10jFOYRf-q5wL2kGTLpJ/s800/His%20Majestys%20Ship%20Squirrel%20an%20Algerine%20class%20minesweeper%20striking%20a%20mine%20near%20Phuket%20Island%20in%20Thailand%20on%20the%2024th%20of%20July%201945.205161185.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="His Majestys Ship Squirrel an Algerine class minesweeper striking a mine near Phuket Island in Thailand on the 24th of July 1945" border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="800" height="333" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgj96GagX0zkrbyhFQanbIjbiUqTPWOWsFPIZdgRYjA72R9ORP1ItwM0BNEQPl4Kv1wAvId7zGLHAfH11JEjN9mtU11nCr2Uweo03bUpscuoBJAyfjA6wKwafelK93ax7h81QRH9CcvqTEdtmroUOsmDY4QjMxJEyRlZV3K10jFOYRf-q5wL2kGTLpJ/w400-h333/His%20Majestys%20Ship%20Squirrel%20an%20Algerine%20class%20minesweeper%20striking%20a%20mine%20near%20Phuket%20Island%20in%20Thailand%20on%20the%2024th%20of%20July%201945.205161185.jpg" title="His Majestys Ship Squirrel an Algerine class minesweeper striking a mine near Phuket Island in Thailand on the 24th of July 1945" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205161185">Picture: Lieutenant C.Trusler,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 29992</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minehunter">Mine hunting</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minesweeper">sweeping</a> vessels are often required to operate in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_operations_in_the_Dardanelles_campaign">mined waters</a> between a friendly <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_fleet">fleet</a> and a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atlantic_Wall">hostile shore</a> (many are sunk by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Hebe_(J24)">mines</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Vestal_(J215)">aircraft</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Bramble_(J11)">warships</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Loyalty_(J217)">submarines</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Sphinx_(J69)">even when close to home</a>),but during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold_war">Cold War</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom">United Kingdom's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_navy">Royal Navy</a> invested in a large fleet of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sandown-class_minehunter">mine hunters</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ton-class_minesweeper">sweepers</a> suitable for use only in benign environments.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjJs50u_AlCijbVbkZ2t_O1RZdIYTwrh_frJWaEbZ1a4xM5wZ8KScWDxZlXTfEees1QRQpHnv1iIT0gaDDjk5NXgyjjx8aOKmH0UotPDrmXaAwEYo6zN-89TnEj4TrN9fCO2qNisBEwTW8XR5qc4SdBRLk5Z5tZFxj8LUJhA7p8GkK-8o2IwzaCT5K/s800/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Alacrity%20a%20Type%2021%20Amazon%20class%20frigate.205129448.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Alacrity a Type 21 Amazon class frigate" border="0" data-original-height="628" data-original-width="800" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjJs50u_AlCijbVbkZ2t_O1RZdIYTwrh_frJWaEbZ1a4xM5wZ8KScWDxZlXTfEees1QRQpHnv1iIT0gaDDjk5NXgyjjx8aOKmH0UotPDrmXaAwEYo6zN-89TnEj4TrN9fCO2qNisBEwTW8XR5qc4SdBRLk5Z5tZFxj8LUJhA7p8GkK-8o2IwzaCT5K/w400-h314/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Alacrity%20a%20Type%2021%20Amazon%20class%20frigate.205129448.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Alacrity a Type 21 Amazon class frigate" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205129448">Picture: Unknown,Royal Navy official photographer,Ministry of Defence Collection photograph,© IWM MH 27579</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">It has been said that <a href="https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?httpsredir=1&article=1429&context=nwc-review">any ship can be a mine sweeper</a>,once,and it is possible to determine if an area has been <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_mine">mined</a> by means of a practice called "<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperrbrecher">check sweeping</a>" (a vessel sails in to the area in question and if it blows up then the area has been mined),during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falklands_war">Falklands War</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/09/the-queen-is-deadgod-save-king.html">Her Majesty's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Alacrity_(F174)">Ship Alacrity</a> was ordered to do just that in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkland_Sound">Falkland Sound</a> because the Royal Navy <a href="https://www.vernonlink.uk/the-falklands-conflict">did not have the means</a> to clear mines in combat.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJp6tnxhsl-GiYVt8mReRBY_jJV-Pfd97cDL7MVHPKTxMjFzO5pGeA6Cm-8R40Ws7og1oJVzM60ykQ8mLngsI0QB-5nboUosstTCn0RnWqaDn3zowFka31-jZkqZajY9sL8e2tHTYgemcRuHIXNIxtppJGQhZDf6V3kNDNSST09W-2HGBKy_e7OIzq/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJp6tnxhsl-GiYVt8mReRBY_jJV-Pfd97cDL7MVHPKTxMjFzO5pGeA6Cm-8R40Ws7og1oJVzM60ykQ8mLngsI0QB-5nboUosstTCn0RnWqaDn3zowFka31-jZkqZajY9sL8e2tHTYgemcRuHIXNIxtppJGQhZDf6V3kNDNSST09W-2HGBKy_e7OIzq/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate">Picture: BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Had a <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html">mining sloop</a> been part of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falkland_Islands">Falklands</a> task force it would have used it's mine avoidance <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonar">sonar</a> to guide other <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warship">warships</a> around deep water mines on the way to the islands,before entering Falkland Sound it would have launched it's manned <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley-class_minehunter">Mine Hunting Launches</a> and sunk the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentina">Argentinian</a> supply ship <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARA_Isla_de_los_Estados">Isla de los Estados</a> with it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_artillery">guns</a> whilst protecting them as they went about their business before laying it's own mines to block one end of the sound to the enemy,then used it's <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-division-medium.html">missiles</a> and guns to protect <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibious_assault_ship">amphibious vessels</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Carlos_Water">San Carlos Water</a> as they <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_San_Carlos_(1982)">landed ground forces</a> and finally provided those <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/08/the-light-infantry-division-platoon.html">troops</a> with fire support up to forty <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mile">miles</a> inland (it's <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-field-gun.html">twin gun turret</a> delivering a similar weight of shells per minute as five <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery_battery">batteries</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L118_light_gun">light guns</a> or five <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_21_frigate">Amazon class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate">frigates</a> and having the depth of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magazine_(artillery)">magazine</a> to sustain that).</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcmgGK06jKG7rH7GDweObVOuDBVEG_HquBLtrBKPDljKjM10EYuXs8qloz15useOsxFg7vV-mrTA95q53-9kO52f-jbSNMpcmxeNWaoPRCrTVP10cR7PTAJER03SPiXC0B0AuN_DP8BAm53BlXiTPqpGJP09Cym8Tj8IQ-dmHLLatiznx0tvoMBdx8/s4205/The%20Motor%20Vessel%20Island%20Crown%20at%20dock%20in%20Oslo%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20June%202013.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Motor Vessel Island Crown at dock in Oslo on the 2nd of June 2013" border="0" data-original-height="2426" data-original-width="4205" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcmgGK06jKG7rH7GDweObVOuDBVEG_HquBLtrBKPDljKjM10EYuXs8qloz15useOsxFg7vV-mrTA95q53-9kO52f-jbSNMpcmxeNWaoPRCrTVP10cR7PTAJER03SPiXC0B0AuN_DP8BAm53BlXiTPqpGJP09Cym8Tj8IQ-dmHLLatiznx0tvoMBdx8/w400-h231/The%20Motor%20Vessel%20Island%20Crown%20at%20dock%20in%20Oslo%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20June%202013.jpg" title="The Motor Vessel Island Crown at dock in Oslo on the 2nd of June 2013" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: x-small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:2013-06_Island_Crown.jpg">Picture: Chell Hill</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Despite her lack of speed to keep up with warships,lack of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stealth_ship">signature reduction</a> features to reduce the probability of being attacked,lack of <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-medium_15.html">sensors</a>,weapons and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_countermeasure">countermeasures</a> to reduce the probability of being hit if attacked,lack of <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.spanglefish.com/s/22631/documents/safety-specifications/lr-rules-and-regs-class-of-naval-ships-jan18.pdf">naval construction standards</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_armour">protection</a> to minimise damage if hit and lack of naval crew trained in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damage_control_(maritime)">damage control</a> to limit fires and flooding,t</span><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">he </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Fleet_Auxiliary" style="font-family: arial;">Royal Fleet Auxiliary</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> recently acquired the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_ship" style="font-family: arial;">Motor Vessel</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><a href="https://www.vard.com/shipbuilding/references/island-crown" style="font-family: arial;">Island Crown</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,a civilian </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Holdings" style="font-family: arial;">Rolls Royce</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><a href="https://www.kongsberg.com/maritime/products/ship-design/offshore-vessel-designs/multi-purpose-vessel-designs/multi-purpose-vessel-design---ut-776-cd-multi-purpose/" style="font-family: arial;">UT 776 CD</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> class </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platform_supply_vessel" style="font-family: arial;">Platform Supply Vessel</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,and intends to use her to clear naval mines</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div> Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-89178698008608871022023-02-04T23:18:00.024+00:002023-02-11T01:54:56.097+00:00An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation: Protecting Seabed Infrastructure<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8Q2nnTZOMz6I8FAGNZQJC7pYkoGrzgzxl6-7h4ohGE8INmexaAfwFe2-fyVdC9N5H6nfDNMfSXZRuG2-pOI9sXedvhZY9v3Opswern-foJ3BeMTbVnZQqpqwMU2TaSG15P0zgKW6YsYPe1ipjFKiN9trx8bgGxvOpVsrUGW5R35IJnCKV4glRmkOs/s1263/The%20VARD%203%2008%20class%20Motor%20Vessel%20Topaz%20Tangaroa%20before%20her%20conversion%20to%20the%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Multi%20Role%20Ocean%20Surveillance%20Ship%20Proteus.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The VARD 3 08 class Motor Vessel Topaz Tangaroa before her conversion to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Multi Role Ocean Surveillance Ship Proteus" border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="1263" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8Q2nnTZOMz6I8FAGNZQJC7pYkoGrzgzxl6-7h4ohGE8INmexaAfwFe2-fyVdC9N5H6nfDNMfSXZRuG2-pOI9sXedvhZY9v3Opswern-foJ3BeMTbVnZQqpqwMU2TaSG15P0zgKW6YsYPe1ipjFKiN9trx8bgGxvOpVsrUGW5R35IJnCKV4glRmkOs/w400-h203/The%20VARD%203%2008%20class%20Motor%20Vessel%20Topaz%20Tangaroa%20before%20her%20conversion%20to%20the%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Multi%20Role%20Ocean%20Surveillance%20Ship%20Proteus.jpg" title="The VARD 3 08 class Motor Vessel Topaz Tangaroa before her conversion to the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Multi Role Ocean Surveillance Ship Proteus" width="400" /></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.vard.com/shipbuilding/references/topaz-tangaroa"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown photographer,VARD photograph</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Army">British Army</a> does not maintain a fleet of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_train">trains</a> to patrol the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom">United Kingdom’s</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Great_Britain">railway network</a> and <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> shall not maintain a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-Role_Ocean_Surveillance_Ship">fleet of vessels</a> to patrol <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_communications_cable">undersea</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_power_cable">infrastructure</a> for the same reason,because to protect infrastructure it is necessary to keep the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Navy">enemy</a> away from it.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN3ewV_sfnAjkzFXesAD-9fxXSxqKG5CKlIiFsh9s39JF4JZeIJw9AfGL_rh4ZybDgE21tfO-qx5sZeIIOTNxlGQlNJascfPChLJ5gwktQgsa-pRZ_XX8sxBamSv3Nz3ubWxqAUTk8G1Wy_JgkoN9vpVBwtE3f_PI4T4CIAmrJ514WbDn1I8c1KaLl/s2850/A%20United%20States%20Navy%20ANTPS71%20Relocatable%20Over%20The%20Horizon%20Radar%20at%20Chesapeake%20Bay%20in%20Virginia%20on%20the%206th%20of%20September%201991.330CFDDNST9203521.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A United States Navy ANTPS71 Relocatable Over The Horizon Radar at Chesapeake Bay in Virginia on the 6th of September 1991" border="0" data-original-height="1910" data-original-width="2850" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiN3ewV_sfnAjkzFXesAD-9fxXSxqKG5CKlIiFsh9s39JF4JZeIJw9AfGL_rh4ZybDgE21tfO-qx5sZeIIOTNxlGQlNJascfPChLJ5gwktQgsa-pRZ_XX8sxBamSv3Nz3ubWxqAUTk8G1Wy_JgkoN9vpVBwtE3f_PI4T4CIAmrJ514WbDn1I8c1KaLl/w400-h268/A%20United%20States%20Navy%20ANTPS71%20Relocatable%20Over%20The%20Horizon%20Radar%20at%20Chesapeake%20Bay%20in%20Virginia%20on%20the%206th%20of%20September%201991.330CFDDNST9203521.jpeg" title="A United States Navy ANTPS71 Relocatable Over The Horizon Radar at Chesapeake Bay in Virginia on the 6th of September 1991" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/6478916"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Photographer's Mate Petty Officer 1st Class Chuck Mussi,United State's Navy Photograph</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Protecting undersea infrastructure shall start with routine surveillance and targeting of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Fleet">enemy</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Severomorsk">naval facilities</a> and vessels by strategic assets such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espionage">spies</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconnaissance_satellite">satellites</a> and high level <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military">military</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy">naval</a> assets such as <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-army-for-independent.html">An Independent Army For An Independent Nation’s</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/10/air-defence-of-united-kingdom.html">network of active and passive sensors</a> and their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOSUS">naval equivalents</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhJ1uHRB05mq5zvquVF6fiu-7ffrSy2d2APbSx14xfi-qDlw7j4Sne6n9N8B4N-OzwIFW7DaFbhRcrfwZVJbOsACOEduzKDV-HIwWpLU36cBkDDFaFuwbX8DF8RYTO8QhVEFjYOeExnKyffnrsS2rmfHBSuHZsMkirYPweKYVE34nsyuX7ivMg9bYT/s4288/A%20Singaporean%20Gulfstream%20G550%20CAEW%20at%20Royal%20Australian%20Air%20Force%20Base%20Darwin%20during%20Exercise%20Pitch%20Black%20on%20the%203rd%20of%20August%202012.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A Singaporean Gulfstream G550 CAEW at Royal Australian Air Force Base Darwin during Exercise Pitch Black on the 3rd of August 2012" border="0" data-original-height="2848" data-original-width="4288" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhhJ1uHRB05mq5zvquVF6fiu-7ffrSy2d2APbSx14xfi-qDlw7j4Sne6n9N8B4N-OzwIFW7DaFbhRcrfwZVJbOsACOEduzKDV-HIwWpLU36cBkDDFaFuwbX8DF8RYTO8QhVEFjYOeExnKyffnrsS2rmfHBSuHZsMkirYPweKYVE34nsyuX7ivMg9bYT/w400-h266/A%20Singaporean%20Gulfstream%20G550%20CAEW%20at%20Royal%20Australian%20Air%20Force%20Base%20Darwin%20during%20Exercise%20Pitch%20Black%20on%20the%203rd%20of%20August%202012.jpg" title="A Singaporean Gulfstream G550 CAEW at Royal Australian Air Force Base Darwin during Exercise Pitch Black on the 3rd of August 2012" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/45267462@N06/7746428362"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Owen65</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">At sea <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_research_vessel_Yantar">hostile vessels</a> shall be tracked or attacked by the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">Perseus</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airplane">aeroplane</a> (at least forty of which could have been paid for with the thousands of millions of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling">pounds</a> spent on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems_Nimrod_MRA4">Nimrod</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raytheon_Sentinel">Sentinel</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper#United_Kingdom">Reaper</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_RC-135#RC-135W_Rivet_Joint_(Project_Airseeker)">Airseeker</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth-class_aircraft_carrier#Airborne_early_warning_and_control">Crowsnest</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_P-8_Poseidon">Poseidon</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_737_AEW%26C">Wedgetail</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Atomics_MQ-9_Reaper#Protector">Protector</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dassault_Falcon_900">Envoy</a>),which shall have a comprehensive suite of <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-medium_15.html">active</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_warfare_support_measures">passive</a> above and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonobuoy">below water sensors</a> and the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/05/the-light-infantry-division-medium.html">weapons</a> to exploit it.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLjeGC3E4IGaZE9ImQu5HCtKV6hqV5Ki3nDG6EcMWe2ZZw-U4kJAsffjvlbw35kOeKZrbfIhpz9ZPE-QDJH7cPkQc2Gxr4sACyCtOvV2viySAN5jvG7mu0X619jb6TSZB7DhmCS3FMueTkElglWVYSymRzq35lI1pQEerhPhX0Yb4SookgoH4z6WKz/s5332/An%20Astute%20class%20submarine%20in%20the%20Mediterranean%20Sea%20with%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20Carrier%20Strike%20Group%2021%20on%20the%2014th%20of%20July%202021.FLEET20210614AP0017093.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="An Astute class submarine in the Mediterranean Sea with the United Kingdom Carrier Strike Group 21 on the 14th of July 2021" border="0" data-original-height="3555" data-original-width="5332" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhLjeGC3E4IGaZE9ImQu5HCtKV6hqV5Ki3nDG6EcMWe2ZZw-U4kJAsffjvlbw35kOeKZrbfIhpz9ZPE-QDJH7cPkQc2Gxr4sACyCtOvV2viySAN5jvG7mu0X619jb6TSZB7DhmCS3FMueTkElglWVYSymRzq35lI1pQEerhPhX0Yb4SookgoH4z6WKz/w400-h266/An%20Astute%20class%20submarine%20in%20the%20Mediterranean%20Sea%20with%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20Carrier%20Strike%20Group%2021%20on%20the%2014th%20of%20July%202021.FLEET20210614AP0017093.jpg" title="An Astute class submarine in the Mediterranean Sea with the United Kingdom Carrier Strike Group 21 on the 14th of July 2021" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2021/June/16/FLEET-20210614-AP0017-093.jpg">Picture: P.O. (Phot.) Jay Allen,Crown Copyright</a> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_warfare">Beneath the waves</a> the six <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Cachalot">Cachalot</a> class and two <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Defence">Defence</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine">submarines</a> (boats which could have been built with the money spent on seven <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astute-class_submarine">Astutes</a>) shall also track and if necessary attack enemy surface vessels and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_submarine_Belgorod_%28K-329%29">submarines</a> using twenty-four inch <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torpedo">torpedoes</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDBbtibUZDeEnZP0-yh7GgrbzaVBbm6Zb7PDBoayZUZBR6qa3DPoGHMXQAaXWYH3CYVqBpF3019NIPXvqECi16iwDzDQX3ttjCh-6o_GfVqIkOLUp4jZfDfJ42tSCMeQ6vyOs2HzOiNAt-mxFsS-npqFmCbTMUpf9OHbTup9x9YciZUx_TQyCSCfbf/s3600/The%20Type%2023%20Frigate%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Somerset%20emerges%20from%20the%20Frigate%20Support%20Centre%20at%20Devonport%20on%20the%208th%20of%20December%202020.BE200025002.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Type 23 Frigate Her Majestys Ship Somerset emerges from the Frigate Support Centre at Devonport on the 8th of December 2020" border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="3600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDBbtibUZDeEnZP0-yh7GgrbzaVBbm6Zb7PDBoayZUZBR6qa3DPoGHMXQAaXWYH3CYVqBpF3019NIPXvqECi16iwDzDQX3ttjCh-6o_GfVqIkOLUp4jZfDfJ42tSCMeQ6vyOs2HzOiNAt-mxFsS-npqFmCbTMUpf9OHbTup9x9YciZUx_TQyCSCfbf/w400-h266/The%20Type%2023%20Frigate%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Somerset%20emerges%20from%20the%20Frigate%20Support%20Centre%20at%20Devonport%20on%20the%208th%20of%20December%202020.BE200025002.jpg" title="The Type 23 Frigate Her Majestys Ship Somerset emerges from the Frigate Support Centre at Devonport on the 8th of December 2020" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2020/December/09/BE200025002.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: L. (Phot.) Phil Bloor,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_warfare">On the surface</a> these shall be supported by the remainder of the thirty-two <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/06/the-type-23m-frigate.html">Duke and Royal Duke class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate">frigates</a>,the latter of which could have been built after the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blair">Blair</a> defence cuts for far less than the cost of six <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_45_destroyer">Daring class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guided-missile_destroyer">air defence destroyers</a>,and the first of twenty-four <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2010/12/warship-weapon-and-sensor-arcs.html">Falkland class</a> frigates,which the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy">Royal Navy</a> had the money to build after the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2011/03/how-many-minutes-prime-minister.html">Cameron</a> cuts (but </span><span>instead </span><span>chose to spend on </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/River-class_offshore_patrol_vessel">River class</a><span> </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2010/02/defining-modern-brig.html">patrol vessels</a><span>,refits for </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_23_frigate">Type 23</a><span> submarine defence frigates,</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_45_destroyer#Faults">repairs</a><span> for Type 45 air defence destroyers,</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_26_frigate">Type 26</a><span> </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-submarine_warfare">submarine defence frigates</a><span>,</span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2020/10/the-type-31-frigate-roles.html">Type 31 point defence "frigates"</a><span> and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_32_frigate">Type 32</a><span> mystery frigates),all of which shall have </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towed_array_sonar">towed array sonars</a><span> and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AgustaWestland_AW101">Merlin</a><span> or </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-super-merlin-shall-be-twenty-long.html">Hermes</a><span> </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-three-helicopters-hectorhercules.html">helicopters</a><span>.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmi_KzPIJxonDv6QSA_RtuVoe6hGpW-sf2vSuvELDpW6W8VXRdPaYNpYgKoGm-laY7s2Fgvk_AZnVOZSbBi-shnpFMAAXfatN9M_v9eZfCBCDqmP1pp9LHry3hJEp7hK3stqn0GWdZx-zfJMm-q2VEpHw0GbEncCDvZBF5yyWK6Czay-xACOCs_Le0/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmi_KzPIJxonDv6QSA_RtuVoe6hGpW-sf2vSuvELDpW6W8VXRdPaYNpYgKoGm-laY7s2Fgvk_AZnVOZSbBi-shnpFMAAXfatN9M_v9eZfCBCDqmP1pp9LHry3hJEp7hK3stqn0GWdZx-zfJMm-q2VEpHw0GbEncCDvZBF5yyWK6Czay-xACOCs_Le0/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Should a hostile vessel get near an undersea cable then one of the thirty <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_(unit)">knot</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-anatomy-of-hydrographing-sloop.html">hydrographing sloops</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Hecate">Hecate</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Hecla">Hecla</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Herald">Herald</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Hydra">Hydra</a> shall rapidly respond,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrography">surveying</a> the cable with it’s high resolution <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-scan_sonar">towed sonar</a> and investigating and neutralising any <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Ivy_Bells">devices</a> found using it’s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remotely_operated_underwater_vehicle">tethered submersibles</a> (a product of project <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geppetto">Geppetto</a>,which shall provide a sovereign and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security">secure</a> supply of small submersibles for tasks such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_survey">survey</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_Construction_Teams">construction</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_rescue">rescue</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repair_ship">repair</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/In-water_surface_cleaning">hull cleaning</a> and <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html">mine hunting</a>).</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXaE1M21vzGzskeLcsArkIkwTOFqyUU3F2NL3H38i_rqi6Ed07YV_zQsm_wliryeIJh3yOEqY-pfZbg6JIHqLQRp-pwjBSTnPqVxE44NBuyG-YYK1btTiUi8a-fpac0gZ7AuEefzAT1OSffDr-IEBgc29IQrQ4GbDve5Bt7aIqcMu9zYh8bWc451kO/s800/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Protector%20for%20the%20last%20time%20leaves%20Port%20Stanley%20her%20base%20in%20the%20Falkland%20Islands%20for%2013%20years%20in%20April%201968.205016476.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Protector for the last time leaves Port Stanley her base in the Falkland Islands for 13 years in April 1968" border="0" data-original-height="614" data-original-width="800" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXaE1M21vzGzskeLcsArkIkwTOFqyUU3F2NL3H38i_rqi6Ed07YV_zQsm_wliryeIJh3yOEqY-pfZbg6JIHqLQRp-pwjBSTnPqVxE44NBuyG-YYK1btTiUi8a-fpac0gZ7AuEefzAT1OSffDr-IEBgc29IQrQ4GbDve5Bt7aIqcMu9zYh8bWc451kO/w400-h308/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Protector%20for%20the%20last%20time%20leaves%20Port%20Stanley%20her%20base%20in%20the%20Falkland%20Islands%20for%2013%20years%20in%20April%201968.205016476.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Protector for the last time leaves Port Stanley her base in the Falkland Islands for 13 years in April 1968" width="400" /></a></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205016476"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown photographer,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 35136</span></a></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">When not responding to contingencies,the Hydrographic Squadron's Hecate class shall routinely conduct low resolution but wide <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swathe">swathe</a> deep water surveys of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabed">sea bed</a> using their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multibeam_echosounder">hull mounted sonars</a>,high resolution but narrow swathe deep water surveys of features such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shipwreck">ship wrecks</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_pipeline">pipelines</a> using their towed sonars,visual inspection of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_submarine_K-129_(1960)">points of interest</a> using their tethered submersibles,high resolution but narrow swathe shallow water surveys of coastal and inland areas using their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Gleaner_(H86)">hydrographing boats</a>,high resolution coastal surveys using their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic-aperture_radar">synthetic aperture radars</a> and shall occasionally perform <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_survey">overland surveys</a> using an embarked helicopter detachment.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-85931600928508433332023-02-02T17:48:00.009+00:002023-02-03T18:17:14.640+00:00The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwU0fDMzXMSrpFaIGFWZhphqE3wYzanpz6kyZjkwX19r-Wr7F4HQS_XYNHZ_25u9a9wydMTZkfCl0Sy9sgDIRJBZCvqGYgcGOx5IZK2n8mf1XOKA7jJTdO6RSB5k_Nn_cs-oaJ78FNkzF7p47selISotFweMa_mvxjiw2B55c9FsS_22jNBBccHUDK/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" style="font-family: arial; font-size: large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwU0fDMzXMSrpFaIGFWZhphqE3wYzanpz6kyZjkwX19r-Wr7F4HQS_XYNHZ_25u9a9wydMTZkfCl0Sy9sgDIRJBZCvqGYgcGOx5IZK2n8mf1XOKA7jJTdO6RSB5k_Nn_cs-oaJ78FNkzF7p47selISotFweMa_mvxjiw2B55c9FsS_22jNBBccHUDK/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Hydrographing%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Hydrographing Sloop" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span><a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate" style="font-family: arial;"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</span></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">There are many ways in which a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Survey_vessel">hydrographing</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html">sloop</a> may be designed but above <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems">BAE Systems'</a> <a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate">Adaptable Strike Frigate</a> is used as a template to illustrate the salient features of such a vessel.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-81516190459742109492022-12-13T01:58:00.018+00:002023-02-12T00:47:58.329+00:00The Iceman Cometh<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ-r3XCQ9T-BcgOJ4liCLMl3wfY2uT4Py7RHcUu699r508FOv0qQeC7Q9DY_VVSZPaKx9cGp-PtEvwe9c1JXRvbit54XNxGqQ3t01UqxyKRVFvv1Qdq6tF4Be_gPQWB26TsVP1Kq-hqE1bVa5O_wrJLcP2yHZFskn916jrumWgIHShTdCwdZG6gwbO/s1200/Lieutenant%20General%20Richard%20Nugee%20the%20Non%20Executive%20Director%20for%20Climate%20Change%20and%20Sustainability%20at%20the%20Ministry%20of%20Defence%20speaking%20on%20the%209th%20of%20October%202017.DDC17270005.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><img alt="Lieutenant General Richard Nugee the Non Executive Director for Climate Change and Sustainability at the Ministry of Defence speaking on the 9th of October 2017" border="0" data-original-height="753" data-original-width="1200" height="251" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQ-r3XCQ9T-BcgOJ4liCLMl3wfY2uT4Py7RHcUu699r508FOv0qQeC7Q9DY_VVSZPaKx9cGp-PtEvwe9c1JXRvbit54XNxGqQ3t01UqxyKRVFvv1Qdq6tF4Be_gPQWB26TsVP1Kq-hqE1bVa5O_wrJLcP2yHZFskn916jrumWgIHShTdCwdZG6gwbO/w400-h251/Lieutenant%20General%20Richard%20Nugee%20the%20Non%20Executive%20Director%20for%20Climate%20Change%20and%20Sustainability%20at%20the%20Ministry%20of%20Defence%20speaking%20on%20the%209th%20of%20October%202017.DDC17270005.jpg" title="Lieutenant General Richard Nugee the Non Executive Director for Climate Change and Sustainability at the Ministry of Defence speaking on the 9th of October 2017" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lt_Gen_Richard_Nugee.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: P.O. (Phot.) Owen Cooban,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Retired <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lieutenant-general_(United_Kingdom)">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Nugee">Richard Nugee</a>,the Non-Executive Director for Climate Change and Sustainability at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)">Ministry of Defence</a>,has <a href="https://committees.parliament.uk/oralevidence/11599/pdf/">suggested</a> that the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy">Royal Navy</a> should <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice_class">harden</a> the hulls of some of it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warship">warships</a> to facilitate operations in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:The_Royal_Navy_during_the_Second_World_War_A15361.jpg">"disruptive ice"</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu6do06sMw5VWdKF5G0MxlyJnOetKbojn7ZY-8YpgPbxdTCla0pWFV8FuCi4dRiu5Dt0THxnYy6sZsVYQcehhvWXEoX7AQX_mJG16SVhBGyQJV22rU0BpkFLwnMS9ZbrT20VzK-V_f7vfN57jbfvEeY93HfR6f9MRTKroJ9_rGRsiUCsrmNtGS4nFK/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu6do06sMw5VWdKF5G0MxlyJnOetKbojn7ZY-8YpgPbxdTCla0pWFV8FuCi4dRiu5Dt0THxnYy6sZsVYQcehhvWXEoX7AQX_mJG16SVhBGyQJV22rU0BpkFLwnMS9ZbrT20VzK-V_f7vfN57jbfvEeY93HfR6f9MRTKroJ9_rGRsiUCsrmNtGS4nFK/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/11/the-anatomy-of-mining-sloop.html"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">He should be heartened to know that,despite the <a href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/20464177.2014.11658118">impacts</a> on other aspects of performance (which are not all negative),all major warships in <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> shall be built to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd%27s_Register">Lloyds Register</a> <a href="https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/s3.spanglefish.com/s/22631/documents/safety-specifications/lr-rules-and-regs-class-of-naval-ships-jan18.pdf">Ice Class 1C</a>,not because of the <a href="https://twitter.com/metoffice/status/1602342979632521218">nice weather we have been having</a> but because the Royal Navy has been sailing in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_convoys_of_World_War_II">icy waters</a> for hundreds of years.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrfrze1DxsAU22XGI-FoKSGoinXR65S9dyq1Nku8UnKUu8KvZnso4MvzFsTsY89dR6rSDIV1-ViLuFXpOxdQLXXqQF_Xajc_sfmpHEIrntuRejka0G-Q1M9AHbqsktDzMldvrl6Zm81C_8aUpFmUydKj9RQOpRYf3Qfdb7GEZmltyho4m3GlCLjr_A/s3600/The%20tugs%20Indulgent%20Suzanne%20Christina%20and%20Forceful%20escorting%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Queen%20Elizabeth%20as%20she%20leaves%20Portsmouth%20to%20conduct%20trials%20with%20Lightning%20aircraft%20on%20the%2024th%20of%20January%202020.AL200005013.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The tugs Indulgent Suzanne Christina and Forceful escorting Her Majestys Ship Queen Elizabeth as she leaves Portsmouth to conduct trials with Lightning aircraft on the 24th of January 2020" border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="3600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrfrze1DxsAU22XGI-FoKSGoinXR65S9dyq1Nku8UnKUu8KvZnso4MvzFsTsY89dR6rSDIV1-ViLuFXpOxdQLXXqQF_Xajc_sfmpHEIrntuRejka0G-Q1M9AHbqsktDzMldvrl6Zm81C_8aUpFmUydKj9RQOpRYf3Qfdb7GEZmltyho4m3GlCLjr_A/w400-h266/The%20tugs%20Indulgent%20Suzanne%20Christina%20and%20Forceful%20escorting%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Queen%20Elizabeth%20as%20she%20leaves%20Portsmouth%20to%20conduct%20trials%20with%20Lightning%20aircraft%20on%20the%2024th%20of%20January%202020.AL200005013.jpg" title="The tugs Indulgent Suzanne Christina and Forceful escorting Her Majestys Ship Queen Elizabeth as she leaves Portsmouth to conduct trials with Lightning aircraft on the 24th of January 2020" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2020/January/24/AL200005013.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: L. (Phot.) Barry Swainsbury,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Royal Naval Harbour Service's Able class berthing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugboat">tugs</a> shall also be built to Lloyds Ice Class 1C (and to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_and_Coastguard_Agency">Maritime and Coastguard Agency</a> <a href="https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/441389/Workboat_Code_IWG_Tech_Std_14-06-09-sgs.pdf">Workboat Code</a>/Lloyds Register <a href="https://maritime.lr.org/l/941163/2021-12-08/2pqjq/941163/164320913921Rh950N/Grey_Boat_Code_March_2021__6_.pdf">Grey Boat Code</a> Category 2 and <a href="https://imorules.com/LRSHIP_PT7_CH3_1.html">Fire Fighting Ship 1</a>) for those rare occasions on which the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy_Dockyard">Royal Dockyards</a> are frozen over by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_controversy">global warming</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="font-size: large; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn0JnC-fFfSqB8SLdJvf4XtZgQlfs4q5KO00EWdgmmhYMI4OWNX41FZ-nPW0ATjzCkQKSFu8hYR--5m7eSdvWl5BVnmKlLbSIK9MfQJvDff9hq-zwwUvifjRRior5kffAn7hkeU8GXSgA5gRvW9sV8PMXBKBu2lBLxurY_OJcU7VCAWjNGtP3WJwrB/s7360/The%20Military%20Sealift%20Command%20Heavy%20Lift%20Vessel%20Ocean%20Jazz%20dropping%20the%20Valiant%20class%20harbor%20tug%20YT804%20Defiant%20in%20water%20near%20Fleet%20Activities%20Yokosuka%20Japan%20on%20the%209th%20of%20December%202019.191209NJT4451096.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Military Sealift Command Heavy Lift Vessel Ocean Jazz dropping the Valiant class harbor tug YT804 Defiant in water near Fleet Activities Yokosuka Japan on the 9th of December 2019" border="0" data-original-height="4912" data-original-width="7360" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn0JnC-fFfSqB8SLdJvf4XtZgQlfs4q5KO00EWdgmmhYMI4OWNX41FZ-nPW0ATjzCkQKSFu8hYR--5m7eSdvWl5BVnmKlLbSIK9MfQJvDff9hq-zwwUvifjRRior5kffAn7hkeU8GXSgA5gRvW9sV8PMXBKBu2lBLxurY_OJcU7VCAWjNGtP3WJwrB/w400-h268/The%20Military%20Sealift%20Command%20Heavy%20Lift%20Vessel%20Ocean%20Jazz%20dropping%20the%20Valiant%20class%20harbor%20tug%20YT804%20Defiant%20in%20water%20near%20Fleet%20Activities%20Yokosuka%20Japan%20on%20the%209th%20of%20December%202019.191209NJT4451096.jpg" title="The Military Sealift Command Heavy Lift Vessel Ocean Jazz dropping the Valiant class harbor tug YT804 Defiant in water near Fleet Activities Yokosuka Japan on the 9th of December 2019" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yard_Tug_Defiant_delivered_to_Yokosuka_-_191209-N-JT445-1096.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Ryo Isobe,United States' Navy photograph</span></a></div></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>The</span><span> </span><span>Royal Naval Harbour Service's</span><span> Aidful class </span><a href="https://aeic-iaac.gc.ca/050/documents_staticpost/cearref_21799/2559/appendixa.pdf">escorting tugs</a><span> shall be built to Lloyds Ice Class 1B (and to Maritime and Coastguard Agency Workboat Code/Lloyds Register Grey Boat Code Category 1 and Fire Fighting Ship 2) for use in areas such as the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baltic_Sea">Baltic Sea</a><span>.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="font-size: large; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju34u0gZHTsKmTRZaZ3NqIl2OoCPkhJb5VR_aFMr0D7Fl_T9HrjWvu3flYVd1T0I36W9EKPtRrq5HOIwZ2-U8aYFcsKcaLsioON8_snZG9bqbK2oMuDUmmMwaakEhqO3xu0-cWXLhF63x9DwFHzNyD3owcQ5REiaHHwXZH2s0YuQbKVwv9izSmZLb0/s2473/THEFAL~1.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Falmouth based Coastguard tug Anglian Princess being boarded by teams from Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines Scotland and Her Majestys Ship Monmouth off the Devon coast on the 6th of February 2011" border="0" data-original-height="1979" data-original-width="2473" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEju34u0gZHTsKmTRZaZ3NqIl2OoCPkhJb5VR_aFMr0D7Fl_T9HrjWvu3flYVd1T0I36W9EKPtRrq5HOIwZ2-U8aYFcsKcaLsioON8_snZG9bqbK2oMuDUmmMwaakEhqO3xu0-cWXLhF63x9DwFHzNyD3owcQ5REiaHHwXZH2s0YuQbKVwv9izSmZLb0/w400-h320/THEFAL~1.JPG" title="The Falmouth based Coastguard tug Anglian Princess being boarded by teams from Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines Scotland and Her Majestys Ship Monmouth off the Devon coast on the 6th of February 2011" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/defenceimages/6594461615"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: L.A. (Phot.) Stuart Hill,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>The</span><span> </span><span>Royal Naval Harbour Service's</span><span> Racer class </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvage_tug">rescuing tugs</a><span> shall be built to Lloyds Ice Class 1A (and to Fire Fighting Ship 3,including the most powerful </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deluge_gun">fire monitors</a><span> ever to go to sea) to facilitate operations at </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_regions_of_Earth">extreme latitudes</a><span>.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6dHvzT3p2iFABj_CP7X3QpzX35DHKK0Z1nqsoqYT2yUc-hHKvWw03dCUY0COLHDs4jDwKLj7gtwNTqDSQ4UHQgDJeuX4pEgGmllWuzDQBgBwmoRWUVEwhDDZLnmE5FLNxKb6C2rYoOUw2aptUqTHL9zc_VAAb1CeNRLl5D8SH08-HxT1jEXo5XYba/s1922/The%20Research%20and%20Supply%20Vessel%20Nuyina%20breaking%20fast%20ice%20for%20the%20first%20time%20at%20the%20Petersen%20Bank%20around%20the%2022nd%20of%20January%202022.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Research and Supply Vessel Nuyina breaking fast ice for the first time at the Petersen Bank around the 22nd of January 2022" border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1922" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj6dHvzT3p2iFABj_CP7X3QpzX35DHKK0Z1nqsoqYT2yUc-hHKvWw03dCUY0COLHDs4jDwKLj7gtwNTqDSQ4UHQgDJeuX4pEgGmllWuzDQBgBwmoRWUVEwhDDZLnmE5FLNxKb6C2rYoOUw2aptUqTHL9zc_VAAb1CeNRLl5D8SH08-HxT1jEXo5XYba/w400-h225/The%20Research%20and%20Supply%20Vessel%20Nuyina%20breaking%20fast%20ice%20for%20the%20first%20time%20at%20the%20Petersen%20Bank%20around%20the%2022nd%20of%20January%202022.jpg" title="The Research and Supply Vessel Nuyina breaking fast ice for the first time at the Petersen Bank around the 22nd of January 2022" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.antarctica.gov.au/about-antarctica/history/transportation/shipping/rsv-nuyina/"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Pete Harmsen,Australian Antarctic Division photograph</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span>The</span><span> </span><span>Royal Naval Harbour Service's </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icebreaker">icebreaking</a><span> tugs </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Assistance">Assistance</a><span>,</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Confiance">Confiance</a><span>,</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Diligence">Diligence</a><span> and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Endurance">Endurance</a><span> shall be built to </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polar_Class">Polar Class 2</a><span> (and with the same Fire Fighting Ship 3 system as the Racer class) which,in addition to their </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_pool">moon pools</a><span> and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_positioning">dynamic positioning systems</a><span>,shall allow them to perform tasks such as </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endurance_(1912_ship)">survey</a><span>,</span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOSUS">construction</a><span>,</span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/11/carrier-strike-group-21-one-of-our.html">salvage</a><span> and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Thetis_(N25)">rescue</a><span> beneath the </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctic_ice_pack">Arctic ice pack</a><span>.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-74790901360425188242022-11-19T03:18:00.010+00:002022-11-20T06:34:47.183+00:00The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4uEN2KWwjtzmcfbtYoIeoN9hI8MWx2zhg2HayQc8TIx0FkqM_uuP2kTY2KPTANAvC0yYglQDFp75kDu0Q0qPtJwtyVzW05gmTNE7IeK5mL8ogouft4cdHFKSbh_lDTnE03iuvpnG88fJ4yS_iFTEpIlllax-ukkYMVCoYTE5KvslczJBgOCwi11w/s1024/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" border="0" data-original-height="684" data-original-width="1024" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgi4uEN2KWwjtzmcfbtYoIeoN9hI8MWx2zhg2HayQc8TIx0FkqM_uuP2kTY2KPTANAvC0yYglQDFp75kDu0Q0qPtJwtyVzW05gmTNE7IeK5mL8ogouft4cdHFKSbh_lDTnE03iuvpnG88fJ4yS_iFTEpIlllax-ukkYMVCoYTE5KvslczJBgOCwi11w/w400-h268/The%20Anatomy%20Of%20A%20Mining%20Sloop.bmp" title="The Anatomy Of A Mining Sloop" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate"><span style="font-size: small;"><span>Picture: </span>BAE Systems image,modifications by Grand Logistics</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">There are many ways in which a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_mine">mining</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloop-of-war">sloop</a> may be designed but above <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BAE_Systems">BAE Systems'</a> <a href="https://www.baesystems.com/en-uk/product/adaptable-strike-frigate">Adaptable Strike Frigate</a> concept is used as a template to illustrate the salient features of such a vessel.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwfZH3wPh6hT3qQsg-4s9ilyuip4oiQqwrB5oPLOhrVHFoceJr_Brz0DAQwu1ht9qw4qSlQpHf1l9nEjrghiSXwbwoI_6KjMfF7_jOh9SVGINTkonnLP6qbRX6FFtyrn8TWd-NBSrrqXzrkQr7hSTzcf5kzjamG2pu1MWOYkiOFyQ7qPQxgJttBV55/s800/Mining%20Sloop%20Operations.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Mining Sloop Operations" border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="800" height="375" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwfZH3wPh6hT3qQsg-4s9ilyuip4oiQqwrB5oPLOhrVHFoceJr_Brz0DAQwu1ht9qw4qSlQpHf1l9nEjrghiSXwbwoI_6KjMfF7_jOh9SVGINTkonnLP6qbRX6FFtyrn8TWd-NBSrrqXzrkQr7hSTzcf5kzjamG2pu1MWOYkiOFyQ7qPQxgJttBV55/w400-h375/Mining%20Sloop%20Operations.bmp" title="Mining Sloop Operations" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Grand Logistics</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Above is shown one of the ways in which a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minehunter">mining</a> sloop may <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/01/the-six-roles-of-mining-sloop.html">operate</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-47489244639724930482022-09-08T20:20:00.003+01:002022-09-12T17:50:43.967+01:00The Queen Is Dead,God Save The King!<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qyUB4DMyf1rs7GfWMGqg28nI9cnaH9ShO_kXP5iL5uXxxVofg09kfzTD-9FBZMyG1Ay5lOXXM_4cWuAs1urCcqWNY7WHyIgegm-snqeJKoRSuCXRXpM2X6prUo69zVlJg1-fLBDeaKa7hOsGNZwl3V0-uzEWshrOepVlgpWe6FBuhY_jDaqfOkZl/s751/The%20late%20Queen%20Elizabeth%20the%20Second%20and%20her%20late%20husband%20Prince%20Philip%20the%20Duke%20of%20Edinburgh%20in%20her%20Coronation%20portrait%20taken%20in%20London%20England%20by%20Cecil%20Beaton%20in%20June%201953.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The late Queen Elizabeth the Second and her late husband Prince Philip the Duke of Edinburgh in her Coronation portrait taken in London England by Cecil Beaton in June 1953" border="0" data-original-height="751" data-original-width="515" height="583" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qyUB4DMyf1rs7GfWMGqg28nI9cnaH9ShO_kXP5iL5uXxxVofg09kfzTD-9FBZMyG1Ay5lOXXM_4cWuAs1urCcqWNY7WHyIgegm-snqeJKoRSuCXRXpM2X6prUo69zVlJg1-fLBDeaKa7hOsGNZwl3V0-uzEWshrOepVlgpWe6FBuhY_jDaqfOkZl/w438-h640/The%20late%20Queen%20Elizabeth%20the%20Second%20and%20her%20late%20husband%20Prince%20Philip%20the%20Duke%20of%20Edinburgh%20in%20her%20Coronation%20portrait%20taken%20in%20London%20England%20by%20Cecil%20Beaton%20in%20June%201953.jpg" title="The late Queen Elizabeth the Second and her late husband Prince Philip the Duke of Edinburgh in her Coronation portrait taken in London England by Cecil Beaton in June 1953" width="400" /></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Elizabeth_and_Philip_1953.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Cecil Beaton</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: center;">Her Majesty <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II">Queen Elizabeth the Second</a>,who acceded to the throne on the Sixth of February Nineteen Fifty-two,died on this day,the Eighth of September Twenty Twenty-two,whereupon <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles,_King_of_the_United_Kingdom">His Majesty King Charles the Third</a> acceded to the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom">Throne</a>,God save the King! </div></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-70476459035482305462022-09-06T21:25:00.001+01:002022-09-07T12:09:22.005+01:00Quality British Defence Journalism From Sky News<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_75wPB05wHjbL53r0XPA_krNOtlh7mXS7wSiTZ2kazvWAI2u_69aI9HyVs6iutmXS9-oEUDyxnqlrFJyz75b8dEaBNUAkOQ7KwBQYgSQ6jPHxjkJMu3xSFts4cMDcRBNCZvMzwBGSY517iYIAZ1XqmpqwjoccEpOPcWYFbRlywyFoEn7O1-bwCFLp/s1076/Royal%20Navy%20cruiser%20shadows%20Russian%20warships%20through%20Channel.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Royal Navy cruiser shadows Russian warships through Channel" border="0" data-original-height="535" data-original-width="1076" height="199" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_75wPB05wHjbL53r0XPA_krNOtlh7mXS7wSiTZ2kazvWAI2u_69aI9HyVs6iutmXS9-oEUDyxnqlrFJyz75b8dEaBNUAkOQ7KwBQYgSQ6jPHxjkJMu3xSFts4cMDcRBNCZvMzwBGSY517iYIAZ1XqmpqwjoccEpOPcWYFbRlywyFoEn7O1-bwCFLp/w400-h199/Royal%20Navy%20cruiser%20shadows%20Russian%20warships%20through%20Channel.bmp" title="Royal Navy cruiser shadows Russian warships through Channel" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-latest-updates-putin-ally-says-west-is-playing-chess-game-with-death-as-eu-says-gas-deliveries-used-as-a-weapon-12541713?postid=4411016#liveblog-body"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Sky News</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The uninformed may believe that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II">Her Majesty's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Blake_(C99)">Ship Blake</a>,which was decommissioned forty-three years ago,was the last <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_cruiser">cruiser</a> to serve in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_navy">Royal Navy</a>,however,a recent <a href="https://news.sky.com/">Sky News</a> report from Jack Taylor,their <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_intelligence">Open Source Intelligence</a> (O.S.Int) producer,which by some strange coincidence contains similar information to that which was earlier published in an article on the <a href="https://ukdefencejournal.org.uk/british-warship-escorting-russian-vessels-through-channel/">ukdefencejournal</a> website,has revealed the existence of a hitherto unknown <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">British</a> cruiser,rumours that this vessel is part of a secret fleet which also includes mysterious <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battleship">battleships</a> which can be seen only by <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/journalistic-licence.html">journalists</a> have not yet been confirmed.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-84574966208375244022022-09-01T23:52:00.059+01:002022-12-16T17:18:33.841+00:00An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation: Emergency Repairs<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiDhzgimJvy1j-9wyEhum1hPKVtodfN4k8bCVcH4i0lz24o_XQQJo1Hd18RRhQtnKFuUyfY1X2yrzTihjKniQtqkjPUT8DAWf1SQwyD6OkXg6Z_VZmXFK8tv_rjpFuspigeSRQz60mAVuWdlOljhtvT6QyThHxuocUWRaoEx2ULxXQXo4_pNAmQXQe/s7064/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Prince%20of%20Wales%20the%20North%20Atlantic%20Treaty%20Organisation%20flagship%20on%20exercise%20Cold%20Response%202022%20on%20the%2011th%20of%20March%202022.FLEET20220311BF0034052.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Prince of Wales the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation flagship on exercise Cold Response 2022 on the 11th of March 2022" border="0" data-original-height="4712" data-original-width="7064" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiDhzgimJvy1j-9wyEhum1hPKVtodfN4k8bCVcH4i0lz24o_XQQJo1Hd18RRhQtnKFuUyfY1X2yrzTihjKniQtqkjPUT8DAWf1SQwyD6OkXg6Z_VZmXFK8tv_rjpFuspigeSRQz60mAVuWdlOljhtvT6QyThHxuocUWRaoEx2ULxXQXo4_pNAmQXQe/w400-h266/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Prince%20of%20Wales%20the%20North%20Atlantic%20Treaty%20Organisation%20flagship%20on%20exercise%20Cold%20Response%202022%20on%20the%2011th%20of%20March%202022.FLEET20220311BF0034052.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Prince of Wales the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation flagship on exercise Cold Response 2022 on the 11th of March 2022" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2022/March/16/FLEET-20220311-BF0034-052.jpg">Picture: L. (Phot.) Bill Spurr,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Shortly after leaving <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portsmouth">Portsmouth</a> to begin <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/08/remember-little-belt.html">her voyage</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Americas">the Americas</a>,where she was to host the <a href="https://www.atlanticfutureforum.com/EN/pages">Atlantic Future Forum</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II">Her Majesty's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(R09)">Ship Prince of Wales</a> suffered a “significant technical fault”,rumours that the crew <a href="https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11162835/Britains-3BN-warship-ground-halt-propeller-shaft-wasnt-GREASED-properly.html">forgot to grease</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_and_starboard">starboard</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propeller">propeller</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drive_shaft#Marine_drive_shafts">shaft</a> because they were busy planning for <a href="https://twitter.com/HMSPWLS/status/1462010810759364621">transgender day of remembrance</a> have not yet been confirmed but herein we shall consider how <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation</a> shall deal with emergency repairs.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifaJFfzNZ4r48yMo-7a3_KuwB9rh00y43cB6VgxloipmRxeeiRakECO2EyoFpmduHALdOGx25iOJbtzCUZjFFZzIJACXYpqISC5xAZDRf9M_-E5LgtVZY3NRh3V_2UqyCvLSuMV1Z3NLl_YTOQqWDY8YzhmLBoDD53m0gh8-C3UPGxuwqso4Em-ASx/s800/The%20Dido%20class%20cruiser%20Argonaut%20after%20being%20torpedoed%20in%20the%20bow%20and%20stern%20by%20the%20Italian%20submarine%20Lazzaro%20Mocenigo%20on%20the%2014th%20of%20December%201942.205147025.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The Dido class cruiser Argonaut after being torpedoed in the bow and stern by the Italian submarine Lazzaro Mocenigo on the 14th of December 1942" border="0" data-original-height="609" data-original-width="800" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifaJFfzNZ4r48yMo-7a3_KuwB9rh00y43cB6VgxloipmRxeeiRakECO2EyoFpmduHALdOGx25iOJbtzCUZjFFZzIJACXYpqISC5xAZDRf9M_-E5LgtVZY3NRh3V_2UqyCvLSuMV1Z3NLl_YTOQqWDY8YzhmLBoDD53m0gh8-C3UPGxuwqso4Em-ASx/w400-h305/The%20Dido%20class%20cruiser%20Argonaut%20after%20being%20torpedoed%20in%20the%20bow%20and%20stern%20by%20the%20Italian%20submarine%20Lazzaro%20Mocenigo%20on%20the%2014th%20of%20December%201942.205147025.jpg" title="The Dido class cruiser Argonaut after being torpedoed in the bow and stern by the Italian submarine Lazzaro Mocenigo on the 14th of December 1942" width="400" /></span></a></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205147025">Picture: Lieutenant C.H.Parnall,Admiralty Official Collection photograph,© IWM A 13759</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Each class of vessel in an Independent Navy For An Independent Nation shall have a level of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_armour">protection</a> commensurate with it's role and redundant systems designed with benign modes of failure,for example a propeller blade shall be designed to fail before the propeller hub,the hub shall be designed to fail before the shaft and so on,thereby reducing the probability and severity of failures,whether due to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(53)">enemy action</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Endurance_(A171)">technical failure</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Nottingham_(D91)">accident</a>,whilst also reducing the urgency of repairs.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiasYZG3ql5AzLKJiThmExSOMLLj6aMJ3xV2Arwqa7AO0uT3m4Ibs-5O1SKhDvc5tFX5uF8iwwED11ViQUZnhSn0HBK1pqwrIi5AHopdKPutONusXZnu7R3bK_5x9US7sSe0NoTQ4QfS_tzd_CoON2I3eaG566b6mo1ZNRbYlLLfs2_1VvuQI1e9rlv/s4928/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Glasgow%20the%20first%20Type%2026%20frigate%20under%20construction%20at%20BAE%20Systems%20shipyard%20in%20Govan%20on%20the%20River%20Clyde%20on%20the%2029th%20of%20June%202021.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Glasgow the first Type 26 frigate under construction at BAE Systems shipyard in Govan on the River Clyde on the 29th of June 2021" border="0" data-original-height="3280" data-original-width="4928" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiasYZG3ql5AzLKJiThmExSOMLLj6aMJ3xV2Arwqa7AO0uT3m4Ibs-5O1SKhDvc5tFX5uF8iwwED11ViQUZnhSn0HBK1pqwrIi5AHopdKPutONusXZnu7R3bK_5x9US7sSe0NoTQ4QfS_tzd_CoON2I3eaG566b6mo1ZNRbYlLLfs2_1VvuQI1e9rlv/w400-h266/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Glasgow%20the%20first%20Type%2026%20frigate%20under%20construction%20at%20BAE%20Systems%20shipyard%20in%20Govan%20on%20the%20River%20Clyde%20on%20the%2029th%20of%20June%202021.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Glasgow the first Type 26 frigate under construction at BAE Systems shipyard in Govan on the River Clyde on the 29th of June 2021" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HMS_Glasgow_under_construction_in_Govan.jpg">Picture: Jack Eckersley,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">As far as is practical,vessel classes shall share common <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)">hulls</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar">systems</a>,for example,the Falkland class destroying <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frigate">frigate's</a> twin turbine <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_propulsion">propulsion</a> system shall be the production version of the prototype installed on the trials frigate <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Experiment">Experiment</a> and shall also be half of the four turbine propulsion system of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Africa">Africa</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrier">flying ships</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Agincourt">Agincourt</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphibious_warfare_ship">landing ships</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Halifax">Halifax</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hospital_ship">hospitalling ships</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victualling_Commissioners">Royal</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_combat_support_ship">replenishing ships</a>,thereby increasing production quantities and reducing the cost of design,construction,maintenance and repair,reducing the cost of keeping <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Navy_Dockyard">Royal Dockyards</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depot_ship">depotting vessels</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repair_ship">repair ships</a> stocked with parts and also reducing the cost of sustaining secure domestic <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/the-transformational-3d-printer.html">manufacturing</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmKo4cIaU4QHaNL7TIvosw__Lu6DoV6ZwwcYFA0ofjMaC27pbeJAr7QY9ZCoS_hdbnUWi7LbG5vP98KTM-gax494Zc614uODxXictpBMfqufem_907d69PrTZP5pm6Ufj0m02vU0N8nRDmyPoQYqM2b_Pe9u8fVyhugOAfkN-kHV84mHH3ElJLZmcT/s957/Potential%20Facilities%20Near%20Middlesbrough.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Potential Facilities Near Middlesbrough" border="0" data-original-height="581" data-original-width="957" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhmKo4cIaU4QHaNL7TIvosw__Lu6DoV6ZwwcYFA0ofjMaC27pbeJAr7QY9ZCoS_hdbnUWi7LbG5vP98KTM-gax494Zc614uODxXictpBMfqufem_907d69PrTZP5pm6Ufj0m02vU0N8nRDmyPoQYqM2b_Pe9u8fVyhugOAfkN-kHV84mHH3ElJLZmcT/w400-h243/Potential%20Facilities%20Near%20Middlesbrough.jpg" title="Potential Facilities Near Middlesbrough" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://earth.google.com/web/">Picture: Original image by Google Earth,modifications by Grand Logistics</a></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">All vessels in An Independent Navy For An Independent Nation shall be refitted once every four years in their home port,wherever practical,and in the case of many ships this shall be the proposed new Royal Dockyard on the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Sea">North Sea</a> which shall have the capacity to berth,maintain and repair dozens of vessels as large as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antaeus">Antaeus</a> class depoting ships,which shall be amongst the largest vessels ever built due to their need to carry hundreds of thousands of tons of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuel_oil">fuel</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(projectile)">ordnance</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piston">parts</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardtack">food</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rum_ration">drink</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sailor_suit">other</a> dry stores on a modest <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Draft_(hull)">draught</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_LfDWkERyHIas2Q5nXlAFxzhgyUxPadMV7wSzRbPNW_3GiaxCVPGgPOBVeX8xn-XB1-tCraGDvKENy2rsoPTx61aWGZ7JBBCnVbfB1iO_D3ovKmt5R1e6EawlKWhyq_IXEfVAixN4NxU6FDF1vxVt8PgsgqwIC5U7hWCql0N-N37xfOXBbFnQG-pS/s3000/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Cornwall%20a%20Type%2022%20frigate%20alongside%20the%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Diligence%20in%20the%20Middle%20East%20on%20the%206th%20of%20December%202010.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Cornwall a Type 22 frigate alongside the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Diligence in the Middle East on the 6th of December 2010" border="0" data-original-height="2158" data-original-width="3000" height="288" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_LfDWkERyHIas2Q5nXlAFxzhgyUxPadMV7wSzRbPNW_3GiaxCVPGgPOBVeX8xn-XB1-tCraGDvKENy2rsoPTx61aWGZ7JBBCnVbfB1iO_D3ovKmt5R1e6EawlKWhyq_IXEfVAixN4NxU6FDF1vxVt8PgsgqwIC5U7hWCql0N-N37xfOXBbFnQG-pS/w400-h288/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Cornwall%20a%20Type%2022%20frigate%20alongside%20the%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Diligence%20in%20the%20Middle%20East%20on%20the%206th%20of%20December%202010.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Cornwall a Type 22 frigate alongside the Royal Fleet Auxiliary Diligence in the Middle East on the 6th of December 2010" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HMS_Cornwall_Alongside_RFA_Diligence_MOD_45152167.jpg">Picture: L.A. (Phot.) Dave Jenkins,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">On distant stations the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xanthus-class_repair_ship">Assistance</a> class <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/12/the-iceman-cometh.html">icebreaking tugs</a> (vessels <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moon_pool">designed</a> to do <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fireboat">things</a> that others are not <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_positioning">designed</a> to do) shall allow the one of two naval repair parties which may be continuously deployed under the proposed readiness cycle to maintain and repair vessels away from the Royal Dockyards,in addition to providing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine_rescue_ship">rescue</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugboat">recovery</a>,replenishment,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_salvage">salvage</a>,</span></span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrography" style="font-family: arial;">survey</a> <span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">and </span><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icebreaker" style="font-family: arial;">icebreaking</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> capabilities.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ39TTYdisGV0lfF3KuRI1F0yK9dz0oSzxBG-ImuBK2TVr3Zhplqeu7Qs9Z_27w5SfxGpBOo3Rva39bhHqZ6PGfUI0eT-8UF9UknbL9vPUqeGIk4XA301lC_-BGcEPQ4WBpdpOImWtKdvjMM8-1smH1_BziAX-OD0hT_59mm6uLvHVOpGjOeScUxbZ/s1532/The%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Sir%20Tristram%20which%20was%20damaged%20in%20the%20Falklands%20War%20returning%20home%20on%20the%20Motor%20Vessel%20Dan%20Lifter%20in%201983.jpg" style="font-family: arial; font-size: x-large; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Royal Fleet Auxiliary Sir Tristram which was damaged in the Falklands War returning home on the Motor Vessel Dan Lifter in 1983" border="0" data-original-height="1032" data-original-width="1532" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjQ39TTYdisGV0lfF3KuRI1F0yK9dz0oSzxBG-ImuBK2TVr3Zhplqeu7Qs9Z_27w5SfxGpBOo3Rva39bhHqZ6PGfUI0eT-8UF9UknbL9vPUqeGIk4XA301lC_-BGcEPQ4WBpdpOImWtKdvjMM8-1smH1_BziAX-OD0hT_59mm6uLvHVOpGjOeScUxbZ/w400-h270/The%20Royal%20Fleet%20Auxiliary%20Sir%20Tristram%20which%20was%20damaged%20in%20the%20Falklands%20War%20returning%20home%20on%20the%20Motor%20Vessel%20Dan%20Lifter%20in%201983.jpg" title="The Royal Fleet Auxiliary Sir Tristram which was damaged in the Falklands War returning home on the Motor Vessel Dan Lifter in 1983" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:RFA_Sir_Tristram_%26_MV_Dan_Lifter_late_1982.JPG">Picture: Ken Griffiths</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The four hundred ton <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bollard_pull">bollard pull</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Racer_(1884)">Racer</a> class <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvage_tug">rescuing tugs</a>,all but two of which shall be routinely chartered to Her Majesty's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waterguard">Waterguard</a> Service,shall provide both administrative and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_tow_vessel">emergency towing</a> to even the largest crippled vessels,but vessels which cannot be towed shall be recovered by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behemoth">Behemoth</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leviathan">Leviathan</a>,a pair of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOKA_Vanguard">self propelled docks</a> based on the same fifteen <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knot_(unit)">knot</a> hull form and machinery as the Antaeus class which shall usually be used for painting and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Careening">bottom work</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqW9DSUTQvgiPr-azjsluJOcjDmcE0NbWO43Ear_ppsSN4ufmCNhkalqspgy3z_mgNCbTEkYG8QkyyeYszMPJqQqr78yllZFUhlS003OEs30VaTeEbS_SUyqyjSyoI2VJUupK683pw-psO02rCWC1o3NzcmZZ0XENRbZ3d-Pdry3xaMXhtKn1O3Khp/s5232/The%20battleship%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Erin%20in%20a%20floating%20dry%20dock%20at%20Invergordon%20circa%201918.205039724.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The battleship Her Majestys Ship Erin in a floating dry dock at Invergordon circa 1918" border="0" data-original-height="3165" data-original-width="5232" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgqW9DSUTQvgiPr-azjsluJOcjDmcE0NbWO43Ear_ppsSN4ufmCNhkalqspgy3z_mgNCbTEkYG8QkyyeYszMPJqQqr78yllZFUhlS003OEs30VaTeEbS_SUyqyjSyoI2VJUupK683pw-psO02rCWC1o3NzcmZZ0XENRbZ3d-Pdry3xaMXhtKn1O3Khp/w400-h243/The%20battleship%20Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Erin%20in%20a%20floating%20dry%20dock%20at%20Invergordon%20circa%201918.205039724.jpg" title="The battleship Her Majestys Ship Erin in a floating dry dock at Invergordon circa 1918" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:HMS_Erin_in_floating_dry_dock_WWI_IWM_SP_2106.jpg">Picture: Surgeon Oscar Parkes,Surgeon Parkes Collection Of Ships Portraits photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">If one of the proposed Africa class flying ships had suffered damage to a shaft,she would have been able to continue operating on the other three,then,when it was convenient to repair the damaged shaft spares would likely be available at the Royal Dockyards or aboard Antaeus class depoting vessels or Assistance class icebreakers and if not then one would soon be available from the factory as they would be in continual production to equip the large number of vessels built with identical shafts,the new shaft could be installed in a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dry_dock">dry dock</a> at one of the Royal Dockyards,by a repair party in any anchorage which may be accessed by Behemoth or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Leviathan">Leviathan</a>,or even at sea in calm weather,and in an emergency shafts could even be removed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Valiant_(1914)">without dry docking</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-14253941324474922632022-08-27T20:02:00.002+01:002022-09-10T18:13:58.370+01:00Remember The Little Belt!<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWa_pl_boKA1KjaDNHmrDfUQ0GPIMJGlPGQzZu3eq4k1FjoCq187B2ELjahWlsWFegUnAbFT92-CBeF_Cmak7QFFJbh-KhQcZVNnxc9I7RWG6Ft3JV2NOfvK2HX-vrXhilfWd_LeFev-rsGpPiw7S7Lfj73cBqYW1IAjrlMsLAmUSHxYA92fseKQa/s2911/The%20infamous%20United%20States%20frigate%20President%20attacks%20His%20Majesty's%20Sloop%20the%20Little%20Belt%20on%20the%2016th%20of%20May%201811.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The infamous United States' frigate President attacks His Majesty's Sloop the Little Belt on the 16th of May 1811" border="0" data-original-height="2286" data-original-width="2911" height="314" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpWa_pl_boKA1KjaDNHmrDfUQ0GPIMJGlPGQzZu3eq4k1FjoCq187B2ELjahWlsWFegUnAbFT92-CBeF_Cmak7QFFJbh-KhQcZVNnxc9I7RWG6Ft3JV2NOfvK2HX-vrXhilfWd_LeFev-rsGpPiw7S7Lfj73cBqYW1IAjrlMsLAmUSHxYA92fseKQa/w400-h314/The%20infamous%20United%20States%20frigate%20President%20attacks%20His%20Majesty's%20Sloop%20the%20Little%20Belt%20on%20the%2016th%20of%20May%201811.jpg" title="The infamous United States' frigate President attacks His Majesty's Sloop the Little Belt on the 16th of May 1811" width="400" /></a></div></span></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:President_and_HMS_Little_Belt_1811_BRM1682.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Drawn by Joseph Cartwright and engraved by John Hassell</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">Today <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_II">Her Majesty's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Prince_of_Wales_(R09)">Ship Prince of Wales</a> departed for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War">rebel colonies</a> where she shall host the <a href="https://www.atlanticfutureforum.com/">Atlantic Future Forum</a>,which is an opportunity for officials from the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States of America</a> to discuss such pressing matters as the return of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thirteen_Colonies">thirteen colonies</a>,reparations for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Belt_affair">attack</a> on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Little_Belt_(1807)">His Majesty's Sloop Little Belt</a> and why <a href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/us-kept-britain-in-dark-over-deal-that-led-taliban-back-to-power-h5lwd2g89">sharing is caring</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-84565480074459869312022-07-29T06:30:00.001+01:002022-08-23T14:57:57.858+01:00An Independent Army For An Independent Nation: The Four Inch Mortar<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlK1jLtMA_OW_lZCe5-e6fRPQo9kiJXI7jpJ4Dx889oyJC6o_L-3GgmX5rmRuhW_TDsS4mVnhbWG2gR5pXtTYBV2lNmr5m6EWc0OnKRmefKEHbySNfVA6BWfYd43AwspofaFOM3FzPO5tzR1DfooHzpldxNYGogKz7IbPdPuTb9QZ1eIrih6mEfsu_/s1280/4.2%20inch%20mortars%20of%20the%2033rd%20Anti%20tank%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20in%20the%20Sittang%20Bend%20area%20of%20Burma%20on%20the%201st%20of%20August%201945.205205582.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="4.2 inch mortars of the 33rd Anti tank Regiment Royal Artillery in the Sittang Bend area of Burma on the 1st of August 1945" border="0" data-original-height="1264" data-original-width="1280" height="395" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlK1jLtMA_OW_lZCe5-e6fRPQo9kiJXI7jpJ4Dx889oyJC6o_L-3GgmX5rmRuhW_TDsS4mVnhbWG2gR5pXtTYBV2lNmr5m6EWc0OnKRmefKEHbySNfVA6BWfYd43AwspofaFOM3FzPO5tzR1DfooHzpldxNYGogKz7IbPdPuTb9QZ1eIrih6mEfsu_/w400-h395/4.2%20inch%20mortars%20of%20the%2033rd%20Anti%20tank%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20in%20the%20Sittang%20Bend%20area%20of%20Burma%20on%20the%201st%20of%20August%201945.205205582.jpg" title="4.2 inch mortars of the 33rd Anti tank Regiment Royal Artillery in the Sittang Bend area of Burma on the 1st of August 1945" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205205582"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Sergeant A.E.Lemon,Number Nine Army Film and Photo Section,Army Film and Photographic Unit,© IWM SE 4463</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inch">Inch</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mortar">Mortar</a> shall be the standard medium mortar in the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-army-for-independent.html">British Army</a>,the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Guard_(United_Kingdom)">Home Guard</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Marines">Royal Marines</a> and shall equip <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/08/the-light-infantry-division-platoon.html">platoons</a> or troops held at the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battalion">battalion</a> level.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFju66XR0695BrE_BxLU_CuyrXB1QOrXKtpYhDL4DrMTCeDvkWTifKh9YFy2vkPXuAYzFDEt7Y4sirbvsM39ah7oGXsZFkH7E61aQ-DhtDGwcEy2P6oqEKWYJpqkGumG5-eZCp8HIhAtjlJr7pytmdpd7JQ-fR0_RTNv2Te-rY2xaFki8IzF0fsh9X/s800/3%20inch%20mortars%20of%20the%20British%2036th%20Infantry%20Division%20in%20action%20in%20Burma%20in%20January%201945.205205177.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="3 inch mortars of the British 36th Infantry Division in action in Burma in January 1945" border="0" data-original-height="794" data-original-width="800" height="398" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgFju66XR0695BrE_BxLU_CuyrXB1QOrXKtpYhDL4DrMTCeDvkWTifKh9YFy2vkPXuAYzFDEt7Y4sirbvsM39ah7oGXsZFkH7E61aQ-DhtDGwcEy2P6oqEKWYJpqkGumG5-eZCp8HIhAtjlJr7pytmdpd7JQ-fR0_RTNv2Te-rY2xaFki8IzF0fsh9X/w400-h398/3%20inch%20mortars%20of%20the%20British%2036th%20Infantry%20Division%20in%20action%20in%20Burma%20in%20January%201945.205205177.jpg" title="3 inch mortars of the British 36th Infantry Division in action in Burma in January 1945" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205205177"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Sergeant A.Stubbs,Number Nine Army Film and Photo Section,Army Film and Photographic Unit,© IWM SE 2143</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar shall be issued on the scale of one <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Section_(military_unit)">section</a> of two mortars to every <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/the-light-infantry-division.html">light infantry</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Company_(military_unit)">company</a>,medium <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infantry">infantry</a> company,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_warfare">cavalry</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squadron_(army)">squadron</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reconnaissance">reconnaissance</a> company,<a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/the-five-reconnaissance-vehicles.html">reconnaissance</a> squadron and Royal Marines company.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitLjSerwoATq9p9CHR-tud3z5DM3LMqV38jp8HYPDw-P3NtkBZPlg0xulzKRlQsbTjBZ82OnBZj4jiUNSb0otGEFJuKY1YqG0bI4lm_3P9k1JVzLCHL_xdC-LNJg6LZ-LX4pVpHglhy3dAmQxUbJrIYPkk8KqB06XDsN348Cg_RT0MKe-sdBPfHNVv/s3000/A%20mortar%20of%20G%20Tobruk%20Company%201st%20Battalion%20The%20Mercian%20Regiment%20at%20Forward%20Operating%20Base%20Khar%20Nikar%20in%20Afghanistan%20on%20the%2021st%20of%20July%202010.45151891.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A mortar of G Tobruk Company 1st Battalion The Mercian Regiment at Forward Operating Base Khar Nikar in Afghanistan on the 21st of July 2010" border="0" data-original-height="2194" data-original-width="3000" height="293" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitLjSerwoATq9p9CHR-tud3z5DM3LMqV38jp8HYPDw-P3NtkBZPlg0xulzKRlQsbTjBZ82OnBZj4jiUNSb0otGEFJuKY1YqG0bI4lm_3P9k1JVzLCHL_xdC-LNJg6LZ-LX4pVpHglhy3dAmQxUbJrIYPkk8KqB06XDsN348Cg_RT0MKe-sdBPfHNVv/w400-h293/A%20mortar%20of%20G%20Tobruk%20Company%201st%20Battalion%20The%20Mercian%20Regiment%20at%20Forward%20Operating%20Base%20Khar%20Nikar%20in%20Afghanistan%20on%20the%2021st%20of%20July%202010.45151891.jpg" title="A mortar of G Tobruk Company 1st Battalion The Mercian Regiment at Forward Operating Base Khar Nikar in Afghanistan on the 21st of July 2010" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mortar_Team_Fires_on_Afghan_Insurgents_MOD_45151891.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Corporal Gary Kendall,Royal Logistics Corps,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar shall have a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoothbore">smooth bore</a>,be <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzzleloader">muzzle loaded</a> and fire twenty <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_(mass)">pound</a> fin stabilised bombs,to a range of five miles,at rates of up to twenty bombs per <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minute">minute</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigIpyEjNdVusw5zr9WDVaS68kSShvtBuUbIw44EXarokstrWLYGCMB1w3gPrFVqofhNHLFGY9ScwGTo9Lri-6VPywJOA4wS_KgbDpXRUB6BO7e29QCHZ9SKMtnDccm4mDZUip_yuMXIceS8sHlfAt6K3cOE3I9kJBfaMjBazo-9ipuFq9NLCQF8kWY/s800/A%20British%20Army%2081mm%20mortar%20in%20action%20during%20a%20summer%20training%20exercise%20in%20the%20late%201970s.205191282.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A British Army 81mm mortar in action during a summer training exercise in the late 1970s" border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="789" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEigIpyEjNdVusw5zr9WDVaS68kSShvtBuUbIw44EXarokstrWLYGCMB1w3gPrFVqofhNHLFGY9ScwGTo9Lri-6VPywJOA4wS_KgbDpXRUB6BO7e29QCHZ9SKMtnDccm4mDZUip_yuMXIceS8sHlfAt6K3cOE3I9kJBfaMjBazo-9ipuFq9NLCQF8kWY/w395-h400/A%20British%20Army%2081mm%20mortar%20in%20action%20during%20a%20summer%20training%20exercise%20in%20the%20late%201970s.205191282.jpg" title="A British Army 81mm mortar in action during a summer training exercise in the late 1970s" width="395" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205191282"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown British Army official photographer,© IWM CT 1241</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar shall use the same <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indirect_fire">indirect fire</a> sight as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightweight_Medium_Machine_Gun">Three Eighths Inch Machine Gun</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div style="font-size: large; text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivxB2nFcwH29tcrzDm0Q8sXjaSOXn51NSGpIgZvYh6VsMtK9QmIq7WlS03eKFKFC0a8ohRH8aKzGdr-nqZZboqJdNhlt-hf3crDmp2tNAjJmPCn50TONHV1yVUrnH07fMFoAcowMWmzHSl05sZ4ZxsDVQzVWYYvhmeDjPySjj9t13ueS2Mb_2NwcmW/s1800/Men%20of%20the%20Royal%20Army%20Ordnance%20Corps%20play%20cards%20on%20trench%20mortar%20bombs%20known%20as%20toffee%20apples%20at%20Acheux%20in%20France%20in%20July%201916.205193980.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Men of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps play cards on trench mortar bombs known as toffee apples at Acheux in France in July 1916" border="0" data-original-height="1331" data-original-width="1800" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEivxB2nFcwH29tcrzDm0Q8sXjaSOXn51NSGpIgZvYh6VsMtK9QmIq7WlS03eKFKFC0a8ohRH8aKzGdr-nqZZboqJdNhlt-hf3crDmp2tNAjJmPCn50TONHV1yVUrnH07fMFoAcowMWmzHSl05sZ4ZxsDVQzVWYYvhmeDjPySjj9t13ueS2Mb_2NwcmW/w400-h296/Men%20of%20the%20Royal%20Army%20Ordnance%20Corps%20play%20cards%20on%20trench%20mortar%20bombs%20known%20as%20toffee%20apples%20at%20Acheux%20in%20France%20in%20July%201916.205193980.jpg" title="Men of the Royal Army Ordnance Corps play cards on trench mortar bombs known as toffee apples at Acheux in France in July 1916" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205193980"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Lieutenant Ernest Brooks,Ministry of Information First World War Official Collection photograph,© IWM Q 1375</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></div><div><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar shall fire a variety of bombs including,but not limited to,High <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explosive">Explosive</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-explosive_anti-tank">High Explosive Anti Tank</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armour-piercing_ammunition">High Explosive Penetrating</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermobaric_weapon">Thermobaric</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flechette">Flechette</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_(projectile)">Illuminating</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_screen">Obscuring</a>,Practice and a family of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocket-assisted_projectile">rocket assisted</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-inch_medium_mortar">toffee apple</a> bombs.</span></div><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSbC1f_o8T9onmTdbI7D7r0gnPM0Nx6jg1P9E5p94sV2I828zzY0QAjVfd4ky1t7M9oTuqrehKMZel83CTSbKnntln5rMvFTRGaNpz2fs2eKn3RTJZQvLTS6oAsr-iUHshcPEZTq65XLQmEfVrKPoYoeVGIfWJNpiP_ESuiylTMnH1a9JhOTQFPfG3/s960/A%20mortar%20section%20of%20the%201st%20Battalion%20of%20the%20The%20Royal%20Irish%20Regiment%20firing%20in%20Musa%20Qala%20in%20Afghanistan%20during%20Operation%20Herrick%20in%202006.NAM200801215862.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A mortar section of the 1st Battalion of the The Royal Irish Regiment firing in Musa Qala in Afghanistan during Operation Herrick in 2006" border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSbC1f_o8T9onmTdbI7D7r0gnPM0Nx6jg1P9E5p94sV2I828zzY0QAjVfd4ky1t7M9oTuqrehKMZel83CTSbKnntln5rMvFTRGaNpz2fs2eKn3RTJZQvLTS6oAsr-iUHshcPEZTq65XLQmEfVrKPoYoeVGIfWJNpiP_ESuiylTMnH1a9JhOTQFPfG3/w400-h300/A%20mortar%20section%20of%20the%201st%20Battalion%20of%20the%20The%20Royal%20Irish%20Regiment%20firing%20in%20Musa%20Qala%20in%20Afghanistan%20during%20Operation%20Herrick%20in%202006.NAM200801215862.jpg" title="A mortar section of the 1st Battalion of the The Royal Irish Regiment firing in Musa Qala in Afghanistan during Operation Herrick in 2006" width="400" /></a></div><div><div><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div><a href="https://collection.nam.ac.uk/detail.php?acc=2008-01-2158-62"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown photographer,National Army Museum Study Collection photograph</span></a></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar bombs shall be able to be fitted with proximity,impact and delay <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuze">fuses</a>,stand off probes and a variety of terminal homing systems including,but not limited to,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar">active radar</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_homing">passive thermal</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_guidance">semi active laser</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_guidance">television guidance</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGP-Jx2CQOSuihtvEWZdTSDhFCWxCeee1YD7yAbusVJYgRISEzTnh5BeJ-ZgXBJTHHZB8nKIrT439ev-TX_HK_vROQXR4jJY1SuU9_8TY-sUHTlC9tXPy8DdRQluTlndapNOB_3ZXeRVDkzomFPaJDLGuHOQ5nI-4c1JCLdReHL8c8fFXvhBaiaZb6/s791/A%20trench%20mortar%20crew%20of%20the%20Second%20Battalion%20Cameron%20Highlanders%20at%20Mena%20Camp%20near%20Giza%20in%20Egypt%20on%20the%204th%20of%20June%201940.205203447.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A trench mortar crew of the Second Battalion Cameron Highlanders at Mena Camp near Giza in Egypt on the 4th of June 1940" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="791" height="305" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGP-Jx2CQOSuihtvEWZdTSDhFCWxCeee1YD7yAbusVJYgRISEzTnh5BeJ-ZgXBJTHHZB8nKIrT439ev-TX_HK_vROQXR4jJY1SuU9_8TY-sUHTlC9tXPy8DdRQluTlndapNOB_3ZXeRVDkzomFPaJDLGuHOQ5nI-4c1JCLdReHL8c8fFXvhBaiaZb6/w400-h305/A%20trench%20mortar%20crew%20of%20the%20Second%20Battalion%20Cameron%20Highlanders%20at%20Mena%20Camp%20near%20Giza%20in%20Egypt%20on%20the%204th%20of%20June%201940.205203447.jpg" title="A trench mortar crew of the Second Battalion Cameron Highlanders at Mena Camp near Giza in Egypt on the 4th of June 1940" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205203447"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown photographer,Number One Army Film and Photo Section,Army Film and Photographic Unit,© IWM E 127</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar may be carried by it's crew of five men when operating on foot.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyz8nSu3gHhckS-2ljfHNvVnFE7TlKQjLpYFwtNWjdkKT6YMyLcXU0e1dL-OMk0QnQPETZOoG0dVKkAhLUQGyjL5HP-OBQRqWfazA9M3bVs6qx6gZUP3gEIyWSlMLVQk6nqBuvYwS-coZa7cUH-_QiqJK8DpEPoFtJTDpYjg7GP6fn8cOuAdT8-D6f/s5400/Members%20of%2045%20Commando%20mortar%20troop%20firing%20the%2081mm%20mortar%20while%20testing%20Outlander%20vehicles%20on%20Salisbury%20Plain.45167534.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Members of 45 Commando mortar troop firing the 81mm mortar while testing Outlander vehicles on Salisbury Plain" border="0" data-original-height="3600" data-original-width="5400" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgyz8nSu3gHhckS-2ljfHNvVnFE7TlKQjLpYFwtNWjdkKT6YMyLcXU0e1dL-OMk0QnQPETZOoG0dVKkAhLUQGyjL5HP-OBQRqWfazA9M3bVs6qx6gZUP3gEIyWSlMLVQk6nqBuvYwS-coZa7cUH-_QiqJK8DpEPoFtJTDpYjg7GP6fn8cOuAdT8-D6f/w400-h266/Members%20of%2045%20Commando%20mortar%20troop%20firing%20the%2081mm%20mortar%20while%20testing%20Outlander%20vehicles%20on%20Salisbury%20Plain.45167534.jpg" title="Members of 45 Commando mortar troop firing the 81mm mortar while testing Outlander vehicles on Salisbury Plain" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Royal_Marines_roll-out_new_vehicles_on_mortar_trials_MOD_45167534.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: L. (Phot.) Will Haigh,Crown Copyright</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar crew of five men may be carried in the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-ox.html">Ox</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/01/the-seven-vehicles-oxmuleponyhorseeleph.html">vehicle</a>,with one mortar and it's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunition">ammunition</a> being towed in it's unprotected <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trailer_(vehicle)">trailer</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_dxwLnTxV-sny6q7nPHRCV1WY5dAouABk1PsUwwWRDyvbDdd7KgnAqVkIGu-05fRwHX4J5lUR1F7Wj7MO66vzrzVjID-wO7f5CNBhcHLVrE9b4_XRA2KDBa8rUZcGSvav19AVE-GFHBd_Lgv1Jz5O-ZVBE5nOdnmYP9y00qhUttj6JQIkfvcd4NVM/s3098/A%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20Chinook%20lifts%20a%20Land%20Rover%20and%20trailer%20at%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20Waddington%20on%20the%204th%20of%20July%202010.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A Royal Air Force Chinook lifts a Land Rover and trailer at Royal Air Force Waddington on the 4th of July 2010" border="0" data-original-height="2203" data-original-width="3098" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg_dxwLnTxV-sny6q7nPHRCV1WY5dAouABk1PsUwwWRDyvbDdd7KgnAqVkIGu-05fRwHX4J5lUR1F7Wj7MO66vzrzVjID-wO7f5CNBhcHLVrE9b4_XRA2KDBa8rUZcGSvav19AVE-GFHBd_Lgv1Jz5O-ZVBE5nOdnmYP9y00qhUttj6JQIkfvcd4NVM/w400-h285/A%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20Chinook%20lifts%20a%20Land%20Rover%20and%20trailer%20at%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20Waddington%20on%20the%204th%20of%20July%202010.jpg" title="A Royal Air Force Chinook lifts a Land Rover and trailer at Royal Air Force Waddington on the 4th of July 2010" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/dannyboymalinga/4775595498/"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Dan Davison</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar section of ten men may be carried in the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-division-field-car.html">Mule</a> vehicle,with two mortars and their ammunition being towed in it's unprotected trailer.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitGQuvCPsxiKzzg4oQposl-0enTxI7o0wfBi1PbG9UrqzhjJDIiRwGZJ9eKqACvHkswV9_KE06cu9uBqsi4xGq6gYGqdf3zHKCjP2mcY9nCHbNQ4tTyDU30QsqxDtogU6xk5APbzDn75uhWUFaEKMzkJi-YVJSn_frnQ_O4-cZe4143GqA_YlPXMYU/s2544/A%20120mm%20mortar%20of%202nd%20Battalion%20503rd%20Infantry%20Regiment%20173rd%20Airborne%20Brigade%20at%20Grafenwoehr%20in%20Germany%20on%20the%2028th%20of%20January%202017.170128ABS310439.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A 120mm mortar of 2nd Battalion 503rd Infantry Regiment 173rd Airborne Brigade at Grafenwoehr in Germany on the 28th of January 2017" border="0" data-original-height="1693" data-original-width="2544" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEitGQuvCPsxiKzzg4oQposl-0enTxI7o0wfBi1PbG9UrqzhjJDIiRwGZJ9eKqACvHkswV9_KE06cu9uBqsi4xGq6gYGqdf3zHKCjP2mcY9nCHbNQ4tTyDU30QsqxDtogU6xk5APbzDn75uhWUFaEKMzkJi-YVJSn_frnQ_O4-cZe4143GqA_YlPXMYU/w400-h266/A%20120mm%20mortar%20of%202nd%20Battalion%20503rd%20Infantry%20Regiment%20173rd%20Airborne%20Brigade%20at%20Grafenwoehr%20in%20Germany%20on%20the%2028th%20of%20January%202017.170128ABS310439.jpg" title="A 120mm mortar of 2nd Battalion 503rd Infantry Regiment 173rd Airborne Brigade at Grafenwoehr in Germany on the 28th of January 2017" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HHC_2-503rd_IN,_173rd_AB_Mortar_mission_170128-A-BS310-439.jpg"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Visual Information Specialist Markus Rauchenberger,United States' Army photograph</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar section of ten men may be carried in the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/03/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-light.html">Pony</a> vehicle,with two mortars and their ammunition being towed in it's protected trailer.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAUJPCLrwKErGIvyz8vRh2zw_nnaCkOUFwo-A1qw99okKTnhbvCahGNjFrgHIKGeu3lW4yUNrLr5rRPdqgrbopDlIwUGDkNkshZ5T9CRena6F9wGerRvIJ0Zt9tx0G4zbF4trAZt3bwhpRv-TkDjORJpvPmioUdjsT_oCpi7IVZoea6ImBHNlndDsw/s800/A%204.2%20inch%20mortar%20team%20of%20the%202nd%20Battalion%20of%20the%20Middlesex%20Regiment%20on%20field%20exercise%20in%20Palestine.205208137.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A 4.2 inch mortar team of the 2nd Battalion of the Middlesex Regiment on field exercise in Palestine" border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="787" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAUJPCLrwKErGIvyz8vRh2zw_nnaCkOUFwo-A1qw99okKTnhbvCahGNjFrgHIKGeu3lW4yUNrLr5rRPdqgrbopDlIwUGDkNkshZ5T9CRena6F9wGerRvIJ0Zt9tx0G4zbF4trAZt3bwhpRv-TkDjORJpvPmioUdjsT_oCpi7IVZoea6ImBHNlndDsw/w394-h400/A%204.2%20inch%20mortar%20team%20of%20the%202nd%20Battalion%20of%20the%20Middlesex%20Regiment%20on%20field%20exercise%20in%20Palestine.205208137.jpg" title="A 4.2 inch mortar team of the 2nd Battalion of the Middlesex Regiment on field exercise in Palestine" width="394" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205208137"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Sergeant R.Gregory,Number One Army Film and Photo Section,Army Film and Photographic Unit,© IWM E 31736</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar section of ten men may be carried in the Matilda vehicle,with two mortars and their ammunition being carried in an armoured box above the rear door.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; font-size: large; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdPaj9u1yXWfNHWjwKhearAwuE-K5CswTTOgcU0JJTNy93Iqu4xPSuxGbMOlGO1GLINtPaC0XbBFzF9txWhaGDMSEIrCXpgvH6luHuLMBf24RVCZzaaqAyBSe7csbck1qfktKYwHVezWLaMoLn6JyuXhEQVGy8J2QoyziLt5JfqN1d-KM8k7o0f7z3/s3452/An%20Israeli%20Merkava%20Mark%204M%20of%20the%20188th%20Armored%20Brigade%20during%20the%20Paratroopers%20Brigade%20Exercise%20on%20the%2028th%20of%20January%202018.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="An Israeli Merkava Mark 4M of the 188th Armored Brigade during the Paratroopers Brigade Exercise on the 28th of January 2018" border="0" data-original-height="1942" data-original-width="3452" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdPaj9u1yXWfNHWjwKhearAwuE-K5CswTTOgcU0JJTNy93Iqu4xPSuxGbMOlGO1GLINtPaC0XbBFzF9txWhaGDMSEIrCXpgvH6luHuLMBf24RVCZzaaqAyBSe7csbck1qfktKYwHVezWLaMoLn6JyuXhEQVGy8J2QoyziLt5JfqN1d-KM8k7o0f7z3/w400-h225/An%20Israeli%20Merkava%20Mark%204M%20of%20the%20188th%20Armored%20Brigade%20during%20the%20Paratroopers%20Brigade%20Exercise%20on%20the%2028th%20of%20January%202018.jpg" title="An Israeli Merkava Mark 4M of the 188th Armored Brigade during the Paratroopers Brigade Exercise on the 28th of January 2018" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/idfonline/39988473332/"><span style="font-size: small;">Picture: Unknown photographer,Israel Defense Forces' Spokesperson's Unit photograph</span></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;">The Four Inch Mortar section of ten men may be carried in the Charger vehicle,with two mortars and their ammunition being carried in an armoured box above the rear door.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"> </span></div></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-49884489161023519572022-06-29T01:17:00.006+01:002022-07-01T16:36:15.610+01:00The End Of The Roe<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaFA7i3roOFxj8MTQHy8XCQRazg5CGOqBlcFwyrfvL2_QiG9aVjAuviDb2UDBNmCbQIRjApbXzYdqXldJ-4xjIxog-NLdm8nQfKI8qk_q9daH5tRmSnniYayGJqqGmG7bWr7jnbwbcjV1kaWk5uUZAzzZ0_PvZVyNWdrLQotbGXLOqVPtQdtirv74S/s5628/The%20United%20States%20Navy%20Sims%20class%20destroyer%20the%20United%20States%20Ship%20Roe%20DD%20418%20underway%20in%201943%20or%201944.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-size: large;"><img alt="The United States Navy Sims class destroyer the United States Ship Roe DD 418 underway in 1943 or 1944" border="0" data-original-height="4221" data-original-width="5628" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaFA7i3roOFxj8MTQHy8XCQRazg5CGOqBlcFwyrfvL2_QiG9aVjAuviDb2UDBNmCbQIRjApbXzYdqXldJ-4xjIxog-NLdm8nQfKI8qk_q9daH5tRmSnniYayGJqqGmG7bWr7jnbwbcjV1kaWk5uUZAzzZ0_PvZVyNWdrLQotbGXLOqVPtQdtirv74S/w400-h300/The%20United%20States%20Navy%20Sims%20class%20destroyer%20the%20United%20States%20Ship%20Roe%20DD%20418%20underway%20in%201943%20or%201944.jpg" title="The United States Navy Sims class destroyer the United States Ship Roe DD 418 underway in 1943 or 1944" width="400" /></span></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USS_Roe_%28DD-418%29_underway_c1943.jpg">Picture: Unknown photographer,United States' Navy photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States">Supreme Court</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States of America</a> recently overturned the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roe_v._Wade">Roe versus Wade</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precedent">decision</a> which had allowed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_race_theory">white privileged</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisgender">cisgender</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feminism">feminists</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion">kill</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetus">unborn</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transgender">transgender</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-binary_gender">non-binaries</a> of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Person_of_color">colour</a>,but herein we remember the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Roe_(DD-418)">United States Ship Roe</a>,a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sims-class_destroyer">Sims class</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destroyer">destroyer</a> launched during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II">Second World War</a>,she killed many people before being scrapped.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-27665145200300650502022-06-02T00:20:00.002+01:002022-06-02T06:06:22.974+01:00The War In Ukraine: The Arsenal Of Democracy<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVwP5tCQTcsOzhv6-6VNqENQTUcCMBc0kSeFgfiBL0DJrGckL9IvWCQ_fyO02hwONr4ryq6nDMXBEyLqoq8JHJKAfXJCGoUMBCNhUvSr7oGahC_hsCVdmmTZMf47yUnYeyiaPTXkGztUMFw-rhQbianoaJC5kYdz29otPtuK78UtA0TUK9dpuwKlW5/s3000/Gunners%20from%20101%20Northumbrian%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20and%201%20Regiment%20Royal%20Horse%20Artillery%20on%20Otterburn%20Ranges%20in%20Northumberland%20England%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20March%202015.45158570.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Gunners from 101 Northumbrian Regiment Royal Artillery and 1 Regiment Royal Horse Artillery on Otterburn Ranges in Northumberland England on the 2nd of March 2015" border="0" data-original-height="1863" data-original-width="3000" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVwP5tCQTcsOzhv6-6VNqENQTUcCMBc0kSeFgfiBL0DJrGckL9IvWCQ_fyO02hwONr4ryq6nDMXBEyLqoq8JHJKAfXJCGoUMBCNhUvSr7oGahC_hsCVdmmTZMf47yUnYeyiaPTXkGztUMFw-rhQbianoaJC5kYdz29otPtuK78UtA0TUK9dpuwKlW5/w400-h249/Gunners%20from%20101%20Northumbrian%20Regiment%20Royal%20Artillery%20and%201%20Regiment%20Royal%20Horse%20Artillery%20on%20Otterburn%20Ranges%20in%20Northumberland%20England%20on%20the%202nd%20of%20March%202015.45158570.jpg" title="Gunners from 101 Northumbrian Regiment Royal Artillery and 1 Regiment Royal Horse Artillery on Otterburn Ranges in Northumberland England on the 2nd of March 2015" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MLRS_captured_as_a_training_round_leaves_the_launch_tube_on_the_ranges_at_Otterburn._MOD_45158570.jpg">Picture: Corporal Jamie Peters,Royal Logistics Corps,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-army-for-independent.html">Armies</a> do not win <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">wars</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Ordnance_Factory">industries</a> do,unfortunately a <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">generation</a> of senior <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_Army">British Army</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)">officers</a> has been allowed to <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/10/save-british-army.html">destroy</a> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_kingdom">United Kingdom's</a>,once <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II">war</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Instrument_of_Surrender">winning</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROF_Leeds">ground combat industry</a>,which is why the <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/04/nobodys-perfect.html">Prime Minister</a> now has to <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2022/06/01/u-k-seeks-u-s-approval-to-send-rocket-system-to-ukraine-00036328">beg for permission</a> to send <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/how-to-tell-if-you-are-british-general_10.html">foreign</a> made <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M270_Multiple_Launch_Rocket_System">military equipment</a> to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine">Ukraine</a>,to be the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arsenal_of_Democracy">arsenal of democracy</a> one must first possess an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Arsenal">arsenal</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-24162891935899250852022-05-24T12:20:00.007+01:002022-05-24T13:34:41.511+01:00The Transformational Brimstone Missile<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjACWk8D2ac0j57e-zsVdzExP3HB9rzSpvwxz1xqVs2aBpy0n_BjgAWevm7cdP-TSEyKo9fCIf6BoxmMFGwIFrZblcf9cEoCLMxxqUMFXeWB1VuGjnWmfZRliY4xM_HIr2l-YigMk1bB3dXoaCJ3Uw3nMJ2r0WPvPBPpBeUdofSvyTvviDgfc0TNl0h/s800/German%20vehicles%20burning%20on%20a%20road%20in%20the%20Falaise%20area%20in%20France%20after%20coming%20under%20attack%20by%20aircraft%20of%20the%202nd%20Tactical%20Air%20Force%20on%20the%2019th%20of%20August%201944.205023558.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="German vehicles burning on a road in the Falaise area in France after coming under attack by aircraft of the 2nd Tactical Air Force on the 19th of August 1944" border="0" data-original-height="600" data-original-width="800" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjACWk8D2ac0j57e-zsVdzExP3HB9rzSpvwxz1xqVs2aBpy0n_BjgAWevm7cdP-TSEyKo9fCIf6BoxmMFGwIFrZblcf9cEoCLMxxqUMFXeWB1VuGjnWmfZRliY4xM_HIr2l-YigMk1bB3dXoaCJ3Uw3nMJ2r0WPvPBPpBeUdofSvyTvviDgfc0TNl0h/w400-h300/German%20vehicles%20burning%20on%20a%20road%20in%20the%20Falaise%20area%20in%20France%20after%20coming%20under%20attack%20by%20aircraft%20of%20the%202nd%20Tactical%20Air%20Force%20on%20the%2019th%20of%20August%201944.205023558.jpg" title="German vehicles burning on a road in the Falaise area in France after coming under attack by aircraft of the 2nd Tactical Air Force on the 19th of August 1944" width="400" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205023558">Picture: Unknown Number 39 (Reconnaissance) Wing Royal Canadian Air Force photographer,Air Ministry Second World War Official Collection photograph,© IWM CL 838</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">When <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Typhoon">Typhoon</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">aircraft</a> destroyed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazi_Germany">German</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiger_I">tanks</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Falaise_pocket">behind</a> enemy lines in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/France">France</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Overlord">seventy-eight years ago</a>,it was not <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/04/the-transformational-boxer-vehicle.html">transformational</a>.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen='allowfullscreen' webkitallowfullscreen='webkitallowfullscreen' mozallowfullscreen='mozallowfullscreen' width='400' height='225' src='https://www.blogger.com/video.g?token=AD6v5dxcfU0Ittt1e8MDvPCyNp01K35EEhGdHkvHLylsldP1VQWX72_WW7M1okzIiVRXZ4WgjtJMakSkCNBXqFQMoQ' class='b-hbp-video b-uploaded' frameborder='0'></iframe></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NrM0kSmSisU">Picture: Unknown photographer,Ukrainian Military Center video</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">When <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brimstone_(missile)">Brimstone</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missile">missiles</a> destroyed <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/the-war-in-ukraine-never-send-boy-to-do.html">Russian tanks</a> behind <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russia">enemy</a> lines in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraine">Ukraine</a>,<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">recently</a>,it was <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/05/the-incompetent-approach-to-defence.html">transformational</a></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,because to </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/the-transformational-baykar-bayraktar.html" style="font-family: arial;">transformationalists</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> it's not </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/the-transformational-3d-printer.html" style="font-family: arial;">what you do</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">,it's </span><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-transformational-puma-unmanned-air.html" style="font-family: arial;">the way that you do it</a><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-78956773885466686112022-05-21T22:24:00.000+01:002022-05-21T22:24:25.738+01:00The Cost Of A Sikorsky Black Hawk: An Addendum<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRM13D0b8ihD5HK3xLAZm-zf15zLoAs3m7W9AyQKGsWa-rnMyr5WtgakN_lsmc0G1WvkmbprRvdJie7e91flvDOVwM60fcCdM5-p5trqGU9PslqPHrCbusedyhZ2aeAd9OpnyJeeY5Qx2iyLKkLUUA6QhTiWoNePdiDNTxafDHp0sAOC-4j1IbkkDS/s1315/Department%20of%20Defense%20Fiscal%20Year%202023%20Budget%20Estimates%20for%20Procurement%20of%20Army%20UH60%20Blackhawk%20M%20Model%20Helicopters.bmp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2023 Budget Estimates for Procurement of Army UH60 Blackhawk M Model Helicopters" border="0" data-original-height="587" data-original-width="1315" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhRM13D0b8ihD5HK3xLAZm-zf15zLoAs3m7W9AyQKGsWa-rnMyr5WtgakN_lsmc0G1WvkmbprRvdJie7e91flvDOVwM60fcCdM5-p5trqGU9PslqPHrCbusedyhZ2aeAd9OpnyJeeY5Qx2iyLKkLUUA6QhTiWoNePdiDNTxafDHp0sAOC-4j1IbkkDS/w400-h179/Department%20of%20Defense%20Fiscal%20Year%202023%20Budget%20Estimates%20for%20Procurement%20of%20Army%20UH60%20Blackhawk%20M%20Model%20Helicopters.bmp" title="Department of Defense Fiscal Year 2023 Budget Estimates for Procurement of Army UH60 Blackhawk M Model Helicopters" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://www.asafm.army.mil/Portals/72/Documents/BudgetMaterial/2023/Base%20Budget/Procurement/ACFT_Army.pdf">Picture: United States' Department of Defense image,modifications by Grand Logistics</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/09/the-cost-of-sikorsky-black-hawk.html">The Cost Of A Sikorsky Black Hawk</a> explained that export customers pay about forty-five million <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling">pounds </a></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pound_sterling">sterling</a></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> each for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk">Black Hawk</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helicopter">helicopters</a> with associated items,but due to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_rate">exchange rate</a> fluctuations that figure is now out of date,at current rates the cost would be just under fifty million pounds per <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-three-helicopters-hectorhercules.html">helicopter</a>,and </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">in the next <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiscal_year">fiscal year</a></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">United States</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_Army">Army</a> expects to pay about thirty-two million <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_dollar">United States' dollars</a> for a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Hawk_(Sauk_leader)">Black Hawk</a></span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">,which is about twenty-five and a half million pounds</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4245848993516434751.post-65322207728579455042022-05-19T22:22:00.005+01:002022-05-21T00:55:10.739+01:00Two Piece Or Not Two Piece,That Is The Question<div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG4pPKh4181MJDsth_C6gT5u94COdx_3tPV1kmYP1n_uWoq9LwmG5maPpPXVv05tx7iO6hgl9vDsjK1bbqt8uGk5HNe_8CKEAgryhKoFaGv7IMxsm3LfiY-AMlZLL6SK4q1tKkSewJATFvPhrxSmEHoyhItP7mQiz1dJqOOp2sQWNxkeV8Um7gGPa0/s3600/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Prince%20of%20Wales%20exercising%20with%20Lightnings%20from%20207%20Squadron%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20for%20the%20first%20time%20on%20the%209th%20of%20September%202021.FLEET20210909AH004015.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Her Majestys Ship Prince of Wales exercising with Lightnings from 207 Squadron Royal Air Force for the first time on the 9th of September 2021" border="0" data-original-height="2400" data-original-width="3600" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgG4pPKh4181MJDsth_C6gT5u94COdx_3tPV1kmYP1n_uWoq9LwmG5maPpPXVv05tx7iO6hgl9vDsjK1bbqt8uGk5HNe_8CKEAgryhKoFaGv7IMxsm3LfiY-AMlZLL6SK4q1tKkSewJATFvPhrxSmEHoyhItP7mQiz1dJqOOp2sQWNxkeV8Um7gGPa0/w400-h266/Her%20Majestys%20Ship%20Prince%20of%20Wales%20exercising%20with%20Lightnings%20from%20207%20Squadron%20Royal%20Air%20Force%20for%20the%20first%20time%20on%20the%209th%20of%20September%202021.FLEET20210909AH004015.jpg" title="Her Majestys Ship Prince of Wales exercising with Lightnings from 207 Squadron Royal Air Force for the first time on the 9th of September 2021" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://imagery.royalnavy.mod.uk/fotoweb/archives/5003-General%20Public%20Archive/Portsmouth_Archive/2021/September/10/FLEET-20210909-AH0040-15.jpg">Picture: L. (Phot.) Ben Corbett,Crown Copyright</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STOVL">Short Take Off and Vertical Landing</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/p/an-independent-navy-for-independent.html">naval</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/03/the-six-aeroplanes-prefectpegasusperseu.html">aircraft</a> have never generated higher <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2011/02/sortie-generation-since-1945.html">sortie rates</a> in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_warfare">combat</a> than <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CATOBAR">conventional</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawker_Sea_Hawk">aircraft</a>,and logic suggests they never shall as they spend more time undergoing maintenance due to their complex <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolls-Royce_LiftSystem">vertical lift systems</a>,but on <a href="https://www.navylookout.com/cats-traps-and-claptrap-why-the-royal-navys-new-aircraft-carriers-operate-vstol-aircraft/">some</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_people">British</a> websites it has become a matter of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folklore">lore</a> that they do,as has the idea that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States">American</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_Abrams">Abrams</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_battle_tank">Main Battle Tanks</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/03/the-cost-of-general-dynamics-land.html">cost less</a> than the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom">United Kingdom's</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Challenger_3">Challengers</a>,that <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_UH-60_Black_Hawk">Black Hawk</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/02/the-three-helicopters-hectorhercules.html">helicopters</a> <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/09/the-cost-of-sikorsky-black-hawk.html">cost less</a> than <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2010/10/cost-of-westland-wildcat.html">Wildcats</a>,and that <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2022/05/remember-alamo.html">small calibre guns</a> are better at <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2021/12/the-transformational-bofors-57-mark-3.html">engaging aircraft</a> than <a href="https://grandlogistics.blogspot.com/2018/04/the-light-infantry-divisionthe-field-gun.html">large ones</a>,some even think <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tank_gun">tank guns</a> with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rheinmetall_Rh-120">single piece</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammunition">ammunition</a> are better than those with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Ordnance_L30">two piece</a> ammunition and that shall be the subject of our lesson for today.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIa58hvVHjEeQKqg5rCINzeQslYuCer1ITW_-Eba8uFCQZJcad3oK7ThdrrwFjdhJ0CLY30GapMtbMShyyLnU97avPwvCHkqG0QewPoMipGgiisYYx231JsCDtK7NvQCb3vtvPPqBPqAHRBW9_lCXz2ZXmWP8RRY3jsaiAp5OUJqsnRtKt1JzY3-gI/s3112/A%20cutaway%20Israel%20Military%20Industries%20single%20piece%20120mm%20Armour%20Piercing%20Fin%20Stabilized%20Discarding%20Sabot%20cartridge%20showing%20the%20projectiles%20intrusion%20in%20to%20the%20case.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="A cutaway Israel Military Industries single piece 120mm Armour Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot cartridge showing the projectiles intrusion in to the case" border="0" data-original-height="3112" data-original-width="2184" height="570" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIa58hvVHjEeQKqg5rCINzeQslYuCer1ITW_-Eba8uFCQZJcad3oK7ThdrrwFjdhJ0CLY30GapMtbMShyyLnU97avPwvCHkqG0QewPoMipGgiisYYx231JsCDtK7NvQCb3vtvPPqBPqAHRBW9_lCXz2ZXmWP8RRY3jsaiAp5OUJqsnRtKt1JzY3-gI/w450-h640/A%20cutaway%20Israel%20Military%20Industries%20single%20piece%20120mm%20Armour%20Piercing%20Fin%20Stabilized%20Discarding%20Sabot%20cartridge%20showing%20the%20projectiles%20intrusion%20in%20to%20the%20case.jpg" title="A cutaway Israel Military Industries single piece 120mm Armour Piercing Fin Stabilized Discarding Sabot cartridge showing the projectiles intrusion in to the case" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:IMI120shells.jpg">Picture: aick</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;">Longer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinetic_energy_penetrator">kinetic energy</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armour-piercing_fin-stabilized_discarding_sabot">projectiles</a> are better at <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armour-piercing_ammunition">penetrating</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vehicle_armour">armour</a> than short ones,but the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smokeless_powder">charge</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projectile">projectile</a> of single piece <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartridge_(firearms)">cartridges</a> are stored in series with each other and the Cartridge Over All Length is constrained by the length of the space in which it is stored which means that a longer projectile must intrude further in to the cartridge case and must be shorter than the overall length,and the longer it is the more <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamber_(firearms)">chamber</a> volume it consumes leaving less space for propellant and therefore reducing <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_barrel#Muzzle">muzzle</a> velocity,which is a significant disadvantage.</span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYmJB7YUzxF_SC0Hi-2DQNzDGo_hGaFJFV3eECaQvD0NSf7EMrgNaqb_6USwb7xJwLbyDXifWNPvDHZWFvziRJajz4oUHS3CKjjPCztuS93NzeleHa9Gqjh5TY_Vh5jKSmoIRocxBTBHbGUht0Z8aj-2Zm2C3WMvJ31omGx3p34dmdmRm7shvxkkZ_/s4092/Troopers%20from%20the%20Queens%20Royal%20Hussars%20load%20their%20Challenger%202%20tanks%20during%20the%20Strong%20Europe%20Tank%20Challenge%20at%20Grafenwoehr%20in%20Germany%20on%20the%207th%20of%20June%202018.180607AHE5390785.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Troopers from the Queens Royal Hussars load their Challenger 2 tanks during the Strong Europe Tank Challenge at Grafenwoehr in Germany on the 7th of June 2018" border="0" data-original-height="2724" data-original-width="4092" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYmJB7YUzxF_SC0Hi-2DQNzDGo_hGaFJFV3eECaQvD0NSf7EMrgNaqb_6USwb7xJwLbyDXifWNPvDHZWFvziRJajz4oUHS3CKjjPCztuS93NzeleHa9Gqjh5TY_Vh5jKSmoIRocxBTBHbGUht0Z8aj-2Zm2C3WMvJ31omGx3p34dmdmRm7shvxkkZ_/w400-h266/Troopers%20from%20the%20Queens%20Royal%20Hussars%20load%20their%20Challenger%202%20tanks%20during%20the%20Strong%20Europe%20Tank%20Challenge%20at%20Grafenwoehr%20in%20Germany%20on%20the%207th%20of%20June%202018.180607AHE5390785.jpg" title="Troopers from the Queens Royal Hussars load their Challenger 2 tanks during the Strong Europe Tank Challenge at Grafenwoehr in Germany on the 7th of June 2018" width="400" /></a></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: small;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Strong_Europe_Tank_Challenge_2018_(42056455434).jpg">Picture: Gertrud Zach,United States' Army photograph</a></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">The length of two piece ammunition is also constrained by the available storage space,but as the charge and projectile are in series only when loaded in to the gun (at which point there is no restriction on over all length because the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_barrel">barrel</a> has a hole at the other end),the projectile can occupy the entire length of the available storage space and therefore can be longer than the projectile of a single piece cartridge,without intruding in to the chamber,leaving more volume available for propellant and </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">thereby</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;"> </span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">increasing muzzle velocity,</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">which is a significant advantage</span><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial;">.</span></span></div><div style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: #444444; font-family: arial; font-size: large;"> </span></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0